Dubai’s Journey Towards a Sustainable City

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Only a decade ago, Dubai was considered one of the world’s worst polluters. The ecological footprint of this single city was huge, however, by 2050 it could be a sustainable city with the smallest ecological footprint of any city in the world.

Why Sustainability Matters

Over the last couple of decades, the need for a renewed focus on our global commitment has become obvious. We have started to see an unusually high rate of extreme weather events across the globe, events which many scientists are attributing to global warming.

dubai

Time is running out to take decisive action on climate change. Governments around the world have pledged to try and hit certain targets under the Paris climate accords. In accordance with these targets, many nations have introduced new regulations regarding town planning and urban development.

It is becoming increasingly common to see people with town planning experience in one country, taking that experience and deploying it elsewhere. This makes sense if you think about it. For example, someone experienced at planning towns in Australia, especially in the country’s harsher climate, would have plenty to offer town planners in similar climates around the world.

A Ski Slope in the Dessert

Dubai has always been a city of innovation. It boasts some very impressive architecture, for which it is known around the world. In fact, the tallest freestanding structure in the world is in Dubai. For many, the most emblematic symbol of Dubai’s innovative streak, and its mastery over the harsh local climate, is Ski Dubai.

Ski Dubai is an indoor artificial ski-slope, it is where Emiratis first learn to ski, before they head to world-renowned resorts in Europe. As impressive an achievement as Ski Dubai is, it also represents something else about Dubai.

The Pollution Problem

Dubai has exploded in terms of population in recent years, having been a small fishing and trading port of little note until an oil and real estate boom. Like most rapidly developing countries, Dubai’s growth has come with a significant environmental cost. When Emiratis want a ski slope in the middle of the desert, they build one. There have been numerous other projects undertaken to transform Dubai and overcome natural obstacles.

Dubai’s leaders have now recognized that the current rate of development is ecologically unsustainable.

A Sustainable Future

However, Dubai is already operating a fleet of driverless metro trains, these are usually faster than travelling on the cities congested roads. Coupled with the investments Dubai is making in water treatment, waste recycling facilities, green spaces and green buildings, and the solar power plant they are currently building, Dubai is making excellent progress towards becoming the most sustainable city in the world.

Dubai’s leaders have now recognized that the current rate of development is ecologically unsustainable. New environmental policies, and a more ecologically conscious approach in general, have been needed for some time. While they are overdue, no one can deny that they are comprehensive.

A few years ago, it would have been unthinkable to predict that Dubai might become one of the greenest cities in the world. However, this is looking to be an increasingly realistic possibility.

Water Line Maintenance: Importance and Benefits

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Regular water line maintenance is essential as it ensures continuous water supply and prevents pipes from bursting which is costly to repair and replace. Water is vital to every home and hence the need to ensure that there is a good flow of water into your home. Some homeowners prefer to inspect their water lines to cut down costs but, in the long run, it will be costly if you do not get professional services. Various plumbing service in Singapore offer these services to homeowners, and you can use the internet to find the most reputable.

Keep reading to know the importance and benefits of water line maintenance:

water-leakage

1. Identify water line problems early

When you hire a professional plumber to check on your water lines, they will use their equipment to determine if there is any problem that could arise in the future and they look for ways to prevent it. The technician will advise you on whether to repair and replace the water line systems.

2. Prevents water-borne diseases

When water pipe bursts and the water comes in contacts with sewage and other contaminants, this can lead to diseases such as cholera and other serious ailments. When you haven’t done repairs and replacements in your water line systems, they may get cracks which may give way to bacteria entering your water lines.

Therefore, to prevent water-related diseases, you need to make sure that your water pipes are functioning well and that there is no room for contaminants to get into your water system. Sometimes you might find that the water coming from your water lines is not as clean as it should be and this might be caused dirt from broken water lines.

3. Saves time and money

When you get your water lines repaired on time, it will save you on costs that you would spend if the problem developed into a bigger issue. Also, when you hire a plumber who is an expert, it will take less time checking on the lines to ensure that they are working correctly.

However, repairing a whole water line system may take several days, which might cause you to stay without water as the water lines are fixed. The cost of hiring a technician to inspect on your water pipes is less compared to the replacing your water lines.

4. Reduces the water bills

When your water lines crack and pipes bursts, it may take you a while before you realize it and this leads to increased water bills. If you notice that your water bills are more than the normal bill, contact a plumbing company to inspect your water line and find out if there are burst pipes and cracks.

Maintenance of water lines should be done after every few years. You may ask for referrals from your neighbors and friends when searching for a plumber. The best Singapore plumbing service should have contact details so that you can call them whenever you want your pipes to be inspected.

أحسن تدابير لتوفير الطاقة

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الطلب المتزايد على الطاقة يضيف إلى الضغط على احتياطيات الطاقة المحدودة لكوكبنا. هذا يؤدي إلى استنزاف سريع لهذه الموارد ، مما يجعل المرء يفكر في مسألة خطيرة – إذا استمر هذا ، كيف سيكون مستقبلنا؟ ليس بالضرورة أن تكون الصورة قاتمة. على الرغم من صحة هذا ، إلا أنه لا يمكننا عكس الضرر الذي ألحق بالفعل ، ولكن يمكننا بالتأكيد اتخاذ موقف لتحسين الأمور.

energy conservation guide

يمكنك توفير الطاقة إما عن طريق إجراء تعديلات صغيرة على عاداتك اليومية أو عن طريق إجراء تحسينات واسعة في بنية المنزل وفي داخله. في هذه العملية ، لن توفر الكثير من المال فحسب ، بل ستحمي البيئة بشكل كبير. دعونا نلقي نظرة على عشر طرق عملية للحفاظ على الطاقة.

  1. إجراء تغييرات صغيرة في عاداتك اليومية

نعم ، من خلال إجراء تغييرات طفيفة في عاداتك المنزلية اليومية ، يمكنك المساعدة في توفير الكثير من الطاقة. على سبيل المثال ، فصل أجهزة الشحن الخاصة بك بعد الاستخدام ، وإيقاف تشغيل المراوح / الأضواء والأجهزة الأخرى عند عدم الاستخدام ، وتجفيف الأطباق والملابس الخاصة بك ، وما إلى ذلك. هذه التغييرات تقطع شوطا طويلا في تقليل استهلاك الطاقة الإجمالي.

  1. أدخل الأجهزة الموفرة للطاقة إلى منزلك

قد تكون مغرمًا جدًا بتلك المروحة المألوفة في غرفة الرسم التي كانت معك منذ زمن بعيد. ولكن هل تعلم أنها أحد المساهمين الأساسيين في تكاليف الكهرباء المرتفعة؟ وينطبق الشيء نفسه على المصابيح الكهربائية المتوهجة. إنها نهمة للطاقة. قم بتبديلها بالمصابيح الكهربائية الموفرة للطاقة مثل المصابيح الفلورية المتضامة  CFLs ومصابيح LED . واليوم ، هناك أنواع مختلفة موفرة للطاقة في كل الأجهزة المنزلية تقريبًا مثل المراوح والمبردات وأجهزة التكييف والثلاجات وأجهزة التلفزيون ، على سبيل المثال لا الحصر. تستهلك هذه الأجهزة طاقة أقل بكثير مقارنة بنظيراتها التقليدية ، وبالتالي توفر الكثير من الطاقة.

  1. اختيار النوافذ الموفرة للطاقة

ما لا يعرفه معظمنا هو أن النوافذ هي أحد المصادر الرئيسية لفقدان الطاقة ويمكن أن تصل إلى حوالي 10 إلى 25٪ من تكاليف التدفئة. يمكنك تقليل فقدان الحرارة أثناء فصل الشتاء عن طريق تثبيت إطارات مزدوجة. كذلك ، يساعد التجريف والكشط حول النوافذ والأبواب والفتحات بشكل كبير في منع فقدان الحرارة ، وبالتالي الحفاظ على دفئ منزلك.

  1. النظر في ترقية نظام التكييف الخاص بك

يتكون نظام HVAC من التدفئة والتهوية وتكييف الهواء. يمكن أن يؤدي استبدال نظام HVAC القديم بطرازات موفرة للطاقة إلى تقليل إجمالي استهلاك الطاقة لنظام HVAC وخفض فواتير الخدمات العامة بشكل كبير. تعتبر معدات التكييف المعتمدة من Energy Star هي الخيار الأفضل.

hvac-air-filter

  1. تثبيت ترموستات مبرمجة

يمكن ضبط منظمات الحرارة القابلة للبرمجة لإيقاف التشغيل تلقائيًا وحتى لتقليل درجة الحرارة / التبريد عند النوم. تساعد هذه الميزات على تقليل الفاقد في الطاقة دون الحاجة إلى التنازل عن راحتك. تشير التقديرات إلى أن منظم الحرارة القابل للبرمجة يمكن أن يساعدك على توفير حوالي 11،000 روبية سنوياً!

  1. تقليل تكاليف تسخين المياه

تشكل تكاليف تسخين المياه جزءًا كبيرًا من إجمالي فاتورة المرافق. لمواجهة هذا ، أولا ، اختيار سخانات المياه الموفرة للطاقة. وبصرف النظر عن ذلك ، فإن ترموستات سخان الماء عند درجة حرارة منخفضة وعزل سخان المياه وكذلك أنابيب المياه الساخنة والباردة سوف يقلل من فقدان الحرارة ويساعدك على توفير الكثير من المال. يمكنك القيام بذلك عن طريق لف البطانيات العازلة حول سخان المياه التي من شأنها أن تقلل فقدان الحرارة بنسبة 25ــ45 ٪.

  1. تقليل وقت الاستحمام

تعود على الاستحمام القصير. يخرج رأس دش حوالي 2.5 جالون من الماء / دقيقة في المتوسط. وبالتالي ، من خلال تقليل وقت الاستحمام ، فإنك لا تساعد فقط في الحفاظ على الماء ولكن أيضًا تقليل تكاليف تشغيل المضخات كثيرًا.

  1. استخدم أدوات المطبخ بحكمة وكفاءة

تسخين بقايا الطعام في الميكروويف يستخدم طاقة أقل مقارنة بذلك في الأفران الكهربائية التقليدية. عند الطهي على موقد ، تأكد من إغلاق أغطية أواني الطهي. هذا يقلل من وقت الطهي من الطعام. استخدم غسالة الصحون فقط عندما تضطر إلى غسل حمولة كاملة من الأطباق. حاول تجفيف الأطباق الخاصة بك. إذا قمت بغسل الصحون ليلاً وإبقائها جافة في العراء ، فستستيقظ على الأطباق الجافة في الصباح ، دون استهلاك أي طاقة!

  1. اغسل الملابس في الماء البارد

يضمن غسل حمولة كاملة من الملابس مرة أو مرتين في الأسبوع أن الغسالة تعمل على إمكاناتها المثلى. استخدام الماء البارد لغسل الملابس يساعدك على خفض تكاليف تسخين المياه.

  1. غرس الكثير والكثير من الأشجار

إن زرع الأشجار حول منزلك يوفر الظل وبالتالي يبقي على الأجزاء الداخلية من المنزل باردة خلال فصل الصيف. لذلك ، لا تحتاج إلى تشغيل التيار المتردد في كل مرة ، وحتى إذا قمت بذلك ، يمكنك الحفاظ على درجة حرارة أقل. هذا سوف يقلل من تكاليف التبريد إلى حد كبير.

من خلال اعتماد هذه التغييرات البسيطة في نمط حياتك اليومي ، يمكنك المساعدة في الحفاظ على الطاقة. إذا قام كل فرد بدوره في توفير الطاقة ، تخيل فقط مقدار الطاقة التي يمكن أن ينقذها العالم سنوياً!

تذكر ، يبدأ التغيير منك ، لذا ابدأ الآن!

ترجمه للعربية يوسف بنغزواني

يوسف بنغزواني:  خريج المعهد العالي للتجارة وإدارة المقاولات بالمغرب. حاصل على البكالوريا في الاقتصاد  وعلى ماجستير في إدارة الأعمال (MBA) من كندا. هو ايضا متخصص في إدارة المشاريع معتمد  من قبل معهد إدارة المشاريع (PMI) في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية.

The Menace of Marine Litter

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Marine litter, long a neglected topic, has started to garner some attention. Marine litter is composed of a diverse mix of items from various sources and so a one-size fits all solution is unlikely to be effective. Abandoned, lost and discarded fishing gear (ALDFG), shipping wastes, plastic packaging (bottles, caps, bags, etc.) and plastic manufacturing pellets are amongst the most common and persistent items found. Comparing the feasibility and the financial case for recovery versus prevention for each of these groups reveals a worrying gap in our attempts to deal with the problem.

marine-waste

Scale of the Problem

Abandoned, lost and discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) is arguably the most damaging type of marine debris as it continues to fish the oceans, trapping and killing animals for years after it goes overboard. Nets are often located in high numbers around known fishing grounds making targeted recovery possible. Even in such hotspots, recovery is costly and tends to fall to the third sector. An effectively priced deposit scheme with port and shore facilities to support the collection and recycling of damaged gear should reduce the amount of fishing gear discarded and fund the recovery of the remaining items.

While it is thought that 80% of marine litter originates on land, it seems clear that there is an on-going flux between terrestrial and marine environments. Floods can increase the flow of litter down rivers to the sea, while storms stir up the ocean, leading to litter that has already entered the marine environment being deposited in greater than usual amounts on beaches.

In 2013 the European Commission published three studies looking into the composition and sources of marine litter in European seas. In a chapter integrating the results it noted that:

“Plastics are the most abundant debris found in the marine environment and comprise more than half of marine litter in European Regional Seas. More than half of the plastic fraction is composed of plastic packaging waste with plastic bottles and plastic bags being predominant types of plastic packaging…

Therefore, measures within a strategy to close the largest loopholes in the plastic packaging cycle should target plastic bottles and plastic bags.”

Capping the Problem

Plastic packaging is one of the most common items of marine debris with grave impacts upon marine wildlife. Foraging birds are known to ingest large quantities of plastic, especially caps and lids, turtles eat plastic bags mistaking them for jellyfish, and many species are recorded as trapped and disfigured by beverage can yokes.

However the impacts are even further reaching. As plastics break down they are ingested by smaller and smaller organisms. Recent studies have found that plankton ingest tiny fragments of plastic which are then passed up the food chain through predation. In fact, there may already be plastic in the tissue of the fish that we consume.

Despite hype about profitable schemes that will clean the ocean gyres in five years, the breakdown of material makes recovery almost impossible. Plastic debris may outweigh plankton by a ratio of 6:1 in the areas of highest concentration but widespread skimming of the ocean surface will also harvest vast amounts of the phytoplankton, zooplankton and other organisms living there. The majority of marine life lives at the surface and so, considering the risk of disruption to the entire marine food chain, the plankton baby is one that you really don’t want to throw out with the plastic-polluted bathwater.

Whilst debris recovery efforts may be able to remove small quantities of plastic packaging, in particular the larger items, it cannot deal with the full spectrum and so is largely ineffective as a response to the litter problem. The real challenge is not to clear litter once it is in the ocean doing damage, but to prevent it from getting there in the first place. Container deposit schemes and plastic bag levies have been shown to be highly effectual means of reducing litter on land; and by extension, will help to prevent marine litter.

Ex-Pellets from the Oceans

Plastic manufacturing pellets, or nurdles as they are known in the industry, are often underreported debris items as they are so small that they often escape observation. They are typically less than 5mm in diameter and unusually for marine debris are from known sources as they are only used in the manufacturing of plastic products.

Locating and separating such small objects from the world’s oceans is clearly a mammoth task of considerable expense. Instead the manufacturing industry has initiated a programme of environmental responsibility to limit the loss of the pellets. Praised as an effective and affordable program, the initiative would have even greater impact if adopted as an industry standard world-wide, especially if combined with further efforts to reduce pellet loss during transport.

There are no effective natural processes that remove marine debris. The flow of material into the oceans vastly exceeds any practicable man-made method of extracting this growing soup of litter. The only way to tackle the issue is to prevent marine litter entering the oceans in the first place. Effective measures to prevent this pollution at source already exist. Some, such as levies or blanket ban on single use carrier bags, are becoming more widespread, but others such as deposit refund schemes are still very limited, both in terms of geography and the types of packaging targeted.

Note: The article is being republished with the kind permission of our collaborative partner Isonomia. The original article can be viewed at this link.

الطحالب – معمل وقود حيوي

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اتجهت أبحاث الخبراء والمتخصصين فى الفترة الأخيرة إلى التركيز علي إنتاج الوقود الحيوى من الطحالب الخضراء، خاصة بعد إقرار بدء مرحلة نضوب النفط فى فترة زمنية قريبة، وأنه سينضب أكثر من 95% من مصادر البترول الموجودة على سطح الأرض.   وايضا مشكله الغذاء المحتمل حدوثها في حاله استخدام المنتجات الزراعيه او مخلفاتها في الوقود الحيوي لانتاج منتجات الوقود مثل وقود الديزل الحيوي, الايثانول, الجازولين الحيوي و غيرهم من منتجات الوقود الحيوي.

وقد اشارت االعديد من الدراسات الحديثه الي ان الطحالب الخضراء كمصدر للوقود تندرج تحت لواء مصادر الطاقه المتجددة وخاصا بعد التزايد المستمر في سعر الوقود الاحفوري. فهي تنمو بسرعة ولها أثر محدود على البيئة ولا تؤثر علي الاحتياج العالمي للغذاء مثل القمح والذرة والسكر.

ما هي الطحالب؟

الطحالب هي كائنات دقيقة وحيدة الخلية ولها قدرة علي التمثيل الضوئي. تتميز بمعدل نمو سريع. تعتبرمن اقدم انواع الحياه علي وجه الارض. حيث يعتقد ان الوقود الاحفوري تكون من الطحالب في العصر القديم. وتتتم عملية البناء الضوئي في ظل استخدام الكربون والمياه في وجود اشعه الشمس و نسب بسيطة من الفوسفات والنترات والتي ممكن الحصول عليها من مياه الصرف. وفي ظل وجود الظروف الجيدة للنمو , تضاعف الطحالب نموها خلال 24ساعة. باضافة الى ذلك, الطحالب تحتوى على محتوى زيت يزداد عن 50% من محتواها الكتلي في بعض انواع الطحالب لذا تم استغلال هذه النسبة لانتاج الوقود. وتنتج سلالات متنوعه تترواح في تركيبها باشكال تتشابهه كميائيا لسلسله الهيدروكربونات البترولية.

مميزات الطحالب

بخلاف ان الطحالب تنتج الدهون, تقوم ايضا بانتاج البروتين ومركبات الكربون والسكريات. وبعض سلالات الطحالب تقوم بتكسير مركبات السكريات لانتاج الكحول في ظل توافر الظروف المناسبة للتفاعل.

والكتله الحيوية للطحالب يمكنها التشكل لانواع مختلفة من المواد الكميائية والبوليمرات, (السكريات، والإنزيمات، أصباغ ومعادن). او الوقود الحيوي (مثل وقود الديزل الحيوي, مواد قلويه, كحول). غذاء وعلف ( مثل الاحماض الدهنية غير المشبعه, فيتامينات وغيرها) و ايضا المركبات النشطة بيولوجيا (مثل المضادات الحيويه, مضادات الاكسدة والتمثيل الغذائي) من خلال تقنيات المعالجة والمحفزات المجهرية والتحلل الحراري.

كما أن الوقود الحيوي المشتق من الطحالب لا يشارك الإيثانول في بعض الصفات غير المرغوب فيها، حيث إنه يمكن تحويل الطحالب إلى شكل مصنع من أشكال وقود البنزين، الديزل أو وقود الطائرات، أو إلى مادة خام مثل النفط يمكن معالجتها في المصافي التقليدية. لكن إنتاج الوقود الحيوي من الطحالب يجابه في الوقت الحاضر تحديا كبيرا جدا يتمثل في ارتفاع تكاليف الإنتاج بصورة كبيرة.

من اهم ما يميز استخدام الطحالب كبديل للوقود انها لا تحتاج الي اراضي صالحة للزراعه فمن الممكن زراعتها في الصحاري, كما انها لا تتطلب مياه عذبة وقيمتها الغذائية عالية. هناك الكثير من الابحاث المركزة علي الطحالب الخضراء في جميع انحاء العالم, وبالاخص في امريكا الشمالية واروبا مع عدد كبير من الشركات التي خصصت مبالغ مالية كبير لتطوير الابحاث المنعقدة علي الطحالب الخضراء كمصدر بديل للوقود الاحفوري.

وفى إنتاج الوقود السائل من الطحالب يتم بطريقة كيميائية بسيطة؛ إذ يجرى تحويل الزيوت المستخلصة إلى ديزل حيوى، وإن هناك نوعين من الطحالب يستخدمان فى هذه العملية: الأعشاب البحرية التى يوجد بها كمية كبيرة من الزيت يتم درسها ثم استخلاص الزيوت منها لتحويلها إلى وقود، والثانى الطحالب الدقيقة التى تُزرع داخل المعمل؛ حيث تُعرف نسبة الزيت الموجودة داخل الخلية ثم يبدأ التغيير فى الوسط الغذائى لها، وكلما كانت نسبة الدهون أعلى كان أفضل.

 وتشير معظم الدراسات العلمية الي امكانية انتاج الزيوت من حوالي 25-50 طن للهكتار الواحد سنويا من الطحالب الخضراء. وتحتوي الطحالب الدقيقة, من بين بعض المركبات البيوكيميائية الاخري علي الدهون المحايدة( ثلاثي, ثنائي, احادي الجلسريد احماض دهنية حره), والدهون القطبية (الدهون السكرية, الدهون الفوسفاتية) و استرات الشمع.  

يختلف المحتوي الدهني للطحالب المجهريه 1-90% من الوزن الجاف ويوقف علي نوع وسلاله الطحالب وظروف الانتاج. أن عملية إنتاج الوقود من الطحالب تمر بعدة مراحل؛ ففى البداية لا بد من تأكد جودة الزيت الموجود داخل الخلايا ثم استخلاصه، وفى النهاية، وبمعادلة كيميائية، يتم تحويل الزيوت إلى بيوديزل.

واستخدام الطحالب كسماد اثبت كفاءة عالية للانتاج,فأى محصول زراعى يحتاج إلى عناصر غذائية معينة، كوحدات البوتاسيوم والأوكسجين ووحدات الفوسفور، ومن ثم فهى تحتاج إلى أى مركب يحتوى على هذه العناصر والطحالب غنية بها.

مرحلة الانتاج والتكرير

من اجل تطوير مستدام والحصول علي المردود الاقتصادي المطلوب من استخدام الطحالب, فان استخدام الكتله الحيوية( بروتين, دهون وكربوهيدات) لابد ان يتم الانتفاع بها. ومن هنا يتضح اهمية التكرير للطحالب المجهرية ليتم فصل و تحديد الكتله الحيوية المطلوب الحصول عليها. ان مصطلح التكرير يوصف تحليل وتجزئة العديد من السلاسل الكميائية بواسطة التكامل بين العمليات الحيوية في ضوء الاستدامة وخفض التكلفة مع التركيز علي الكفاءة البيئة.

عند تطبيق التكرير البيولوجي للطحالب, فان الدهون تنقسم الي نوعين: دهون صالحة للوقود الحيوي ودهون صالحة كمادة اوليه للمنتجات الكميائية في الصناعة و الاحماض الدهنية الضرورية لذلك. البروتين والكربوهيدرات الناتجة تكون صالحة للغذاء والاعلاف وبعض المنتجات الكميائية. اما بالنسبة للاكسجين الناتج فيتم تجميعه وحفظه في الحاويات المخصصه لذلك.  

الانتاج التجاري للطحالب الخضراء قائم علي استخدم تقنيات مختلفة للانتاج: استخدام الانابيب الشفافة او حاويات تسمي المفاعلات الحيوية او النظام المفتوح (مثل استخدام المجاري المائية) والاخيره تختص للانتاج الصناعي الكبير. وفي الاونة الاخيرة اصبح متبع النظام الجامع ما بين النظمين المغلق في المرحلة الاولي ثم النظام المفتوح لاحقا به.

وتعد مزارع انتاج الطحالب ذات منافع متعددة وتشمل:

استخدام المخلفات الصناعية كمدخلات انتاج ( مخلفات الحرق مثل ثاني اكسيد الكربون, مخلفات المياه الصناعية وايضا مخلفات محطات التحلية).

تنوع المخرجات الناتجة. ف.هناك مخرجات لانتاج طاقة حرارية ( ديزل حيوي, ميثان, ايثانول و هيدروجين). منتجات غير حرارية ( غذاء, اسمدة, اعلاف حيوانية وغيرها من المواد الكميائية).

ليس لها اي تاثير علي انتاج الغذاء ( فهي لا تستخدم اراضي زراعية ولا مياه نفية).

انتاج مواد دهنية تفوق الانتاج من المحاصيل الزراعية.

بعد مرحلة استخلاص الزيوت من الطحالب ، يمكن الاستفادة منها كاعلاف غنية بالبروتين وصالحة للاستخدام فى تغذية الحيوان والدواجن والأسماك. كما انها تدخل في صناعه الايثانول والميثان والسماد العضوي, وذلك نظرا لارتفاع نسبة الامينات الموجبة الي الفوسفات السالبة N:P ratio)), و حرق المتبقيات الناتجة تستخدم لتوليد الطاقه ( حرارية و كهربية).

ويتم انتاج الطحالب الخضراء حاليا كبديل للوقود علي نطاق واسع من اجل خفض تكاليف الانتاج. ايضا انتاج الغذاء الكميائي والوقود من الطحالب سوف يخضع للكثير من التحسينات والتطورات اللازمة حتي تصبح ذات مردود اقتصادي وبيئي مناسب.

 

ترجمه:

هبة احمد مسلم- دكتور الهندسة البيئية. باحث في الشئون البيئية. معهد الدراسات والبحوث البيئية– جامعه عين شمس.

مدرس بالاكاديمية العربية للعلوم والتكنولوجيا والنقل البحري-  مصر.

التحكم في البيئة والطاقه داخل المباني.

هندسة الميكانيكة- وكيل محرك دويتس الالماني بمصر. 

للتواصل عبر hebamosalam2000@gmail.com

 

Why Laminate Flooring is the Perfect Option for Your Office?

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The task of choosing an office flooring needs utmost care. You have to pick the one which is durable and perfect according to the interiors of your office. The options are plenty. Choosing one among them is not easy. The task of choosing a suitable flooring for your office is a once in a blue moon task. Owing to this reason, you might not know the exact factors which you should consider while selecting the one. We will make it easy for you. Laminate flooring scores in all aspects. It is one of the best office flooring options. There are many benefits of laminate flooring which most of the other flooring options do not possess.

We will highlight a few reasons why laminate flooring is the perfect option for your office.

1. Affordable

When you’re looking for a flooring option for your office, you would, of course, need an affordable one. Options like marble are often pretty expensive. Moreover, you need the one which is suitable according to the interiors of your office. Laminate fits in the requirement entirely.

When you compare the cost of laminate flooring with other flooring options, you will realize that it is not only long-lasting, but it is also pretty affordable. As a result, you will be able to install it and forget it. You will not be forced to think about a new flooring option at least for a decade.

2. Durable

Laminate flooring is highly durable as compared to other options. It can handle stains, scratches, dents and even fading. Most of the laminate flooring option consists of aluminum oxide top coating. As a result, the flooring retains its look over a more extended period.

You will not have to opt for any maintenance or polishing once you install it, you will not need to devote any more time to the laminate flooring. As a result, it is not only durable but also cost-effective in the longer term. The advantage of laminate flooring is that even when you shift workspace or desk in your office, it can handle the scratches without any problem. The additional layer ensures that the tile below is not impacted at all. Thus, when you’re looking for a flooring option for heavy duty of office usage, it is one of the perfect choices.

3. Aesthetically pleasing

It is essential to choose a flooring option which matches the decor of your office. Laminate comes in a wide variety of options. It is printed using a high definition printer. You can opt for different designs as per your requirement. The color options available are plenty. You can even choose the textured look. Thus, every design aspect which you might need in laminate flooring is available.

The advantage is that with the help of HD printer, you can print intricate designs on the laminate flooring. Thus, there is no shortage of tile designs when it comes to laminate flooring. You can make different types of office floorings with the help of laminate flooring.

Some of the options include:

  • Hardwood flooring
  • Tile flooring

The construction will be of laminate flooring, but the look will be of the mimicked flooring. As a result, with the help of laminate flooring, you will be able to get the aesthetically pleasing designs which you require. Thus, it is much more versatile as compared to any other type of flooring option.

4. Ease of installation

Most of the laminate flooring options these days comes with the proper locking mechanism. The advantage of the locking mechanism is that it is easy to install. In many of the cases, you will find contractors who can fix it at affordable rates.

Typically, the contractors charge you on a per square foot basis for installation. Thus, even a small saving per square foot can result in a significant amount of saving for your office. Most of the offices have a vast area. Thus, when you look at it on a net basis, you will be able to save a significant amount of money.

Moreover, since the installation is hassle-free, it will be done quicker. As a result, your office will be ready soon enough. You will not have to interrupt the work in your office for an extended period. You can get it installed in a shorter period which will allow you to resume work with minimal disruption.

5. Eco-friendly

Most of the businesses and offices these days opt for eco-friendly resources. When you’re searching for flooring option, you might think that there are no eco-friendly alternatives. However, this is not true. Laminate flooring is eco-friendly as compared to the other options.

You need to understand that the maintenance of laminate flooring is on the lower side. Also, the cleaning mechanism is simple to follow. You will not have to use harsh chemicals for the polishing. Thus, the harmful resources used to maintain your laminate flooring is on the lower side.

The laminate flooring reduces the carbon footprint of your office. You can even clean it with the help of vinegar and water solution. You will not have to opt for a chemical-based cleansing agent. Thus, over a more extended period, you can reduce the use of harmful chemicals to maintain your flooring.

6. Less Maintenance

The office is a high traffic area. When you select office flooring, it is essential to choose one which requires less maintenance. Laminate flooring fits the requirement perfectly. You can either opt for vacuuming it or sweeping it. The choice is entirely yours.

In case, it suffers from any stains; you can use a damp mop to remove the stain. You can also use a simple cleaning solution like mixing water and vinegar to clean the floor entirely. The amount of time required to maintain the laminate flooring is on the lower side. Moreover, with the help of a vacuum cleaner, you will be able to clean the entire office floor without any problem. Thus, you can save a significant amount of money by not having to hire extra cleaning staff.

7. Warranty

When it comes to office flooring, you need an option which is sturdy and which can last for an extended period. In case, there is any problem it would be a good idea to get it fixed through warranty. When you look at the warranty of laminate flooring, you will realize that it is minimum for one year.

You can also get an extended warranty since you will be buying the flooring option in bulk for your office. With proper warranty, you can protect your investment in laminate flooring. If there are any defects with the product, you can directly get them replaced. Thus, the amount of money which you spend on laminate flooring is entirely secure.

8. Usable as subflooring

Many times, when you want to opt for concrete flooring or vinyl flooring, it might not be compatible with your subfloor. If the sub-flooring is not suitable, you might have to opt for a different flooring option which goes well with your subfloor. If you want to opt for the same flooring nevertheless, you might have to get the subflooring redone. The renovation of the subfloor can be a pretty expensive proposition. When you multiply the extra cost with the entirety of the office, it can cost you thousands of dollars.

You have a simple solution in the form of laminate flooring. Laminate flooring is so versatile that you can use it as a subfloor. It will allow you to create a sturdy subfloor on which, you can install your preferred flooring option. The cost of laminate flooring is so low that it will not increase your budget by a significant amount. Thus, you can get the exact flooring option which you prefer.

9. Hypoallergenic

Laminate flooring is hypoallergenic. It does not trap any dust or any other contaminants. Moreover, it is easy to clean which will allow you to eliminate the pathogens from your office. Also, it acts as a moisture barrier. The water will not seep into the subflooring. As laminate flooring can not absorb moisture, mold or any other bacteria does not grow in laminate flooring.

Since it does not support any organic matter, it is hypoallergenic. It does not harbor dust and contaminants which further reduces the probability of allergies. Irrespective of the allergies which you suffer from, you can easily install laminate flooring without any problem. Hundreds of individuals frequent the office. Thus, you have to go for laminate flooring which will help you avoid any indoor air quality issues. In the longer term, it can also help you avoid any liabilities arising out of infections at the workplace. It can minimize your liability and save you thousands of dollars in the longer run.

10. Variety of different styles

The versatility of the laminate flooring is its best feature. Irrespective of the decor of your office, you can find a suitable option. Most of the designs are available at affordable rate. You can visit https://www.woodfloorwarehouse.co.uk to check the different design options.

Not only, can it mimic any other type of flooring but when it comes to texture, style, and colors, it can maximize your flooring options. Some of the factors which can vary from one design to another include:

  • Finishing: With the help of different finishing options, you can easily mimic the decor of your office. The finishing of the laminate flooring can last for a lifetime.
  • Surface treatment: The surface treatment allows you to get a slip-resistant tile. It will help you move around the office quite quickly. If you are looking for a slip-resistant tile, pick one of the many textured options.
  • Thickness: The thicker the flooring, the more durable it will be. When you’re looking for a sustainable laminate flooring option, you can go for the one which is thicker.
  • Plank style: The style of the plank will determine the direction of the grain of the laminate flooring. You can go with the one which you like the most.
  • Colors: as we stated above, the upper surface of the laminate flooring is printed using HD printer. Thus, the color options can vary. There are numerous color and design options to compare.

When you compare the color and style options of laminate flooring, you will realize that it is the most versatile and innovative flooring option which you can get. It will allow you to pick the one precisely as per your requirement. You can go for the formal look or the semi-formal look or even the casual look. The choice is entirely yours.

11. Versatile

Not every office is the same. Some of them might consist of a work floor along with an office space whereas some others might consist of only the office space. In some cases, you might need a flooring option for the attached washroom in addition to the office space. There is no need to opt for different flooring options for every one of these spaces.

The laminate flooring will not only look good enough in your main office space but also on the work floor. You can opt for the slip-resistant variant which will allow you to minimize accidents on the work floor. Similarly, you can also use it in the washroom as well as the common area. The problem with opting different flooring options is that the cost can get out of hand. Moreover, you will need to change the installation procedure.

On the other hand, when you are opting for laminate flooring, you might have to change the design if required. The base flooring will remain the same. The installation cost will stay the same. The difference in the price of laminate flooring as per the design will be negligible. Thus, all the disadvantages of choosing different flooring options for different areas of your office are minimized. You need not deal with any of these problems when you choose laminate flooring for your office.

Final Thoughts

So, if you are not able to choose the flooring option which you should opt for your office, laminate flooring is the perfect solution. With the help of laminate flooring, you have to pick a single design, and you will be able to install the flooring in your entire office. Moreover, with low labor cost, you can save a lot of money. When you add to it the low cost of maintenance, over a while, you can easily save hundreds if not thousands of dollars. The advantages of laminate flooring are numerous as compared to the other flooring options.

The Rug Cleaning Sector: A Venue for Innovative Business Practices

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Have you ever stopped to think about what goes on behind the scenes of rug cleaning? It’s an industry you might view as simplistic or mundane, but this sector is quietly undergoing a transformation. The rug cleaning business is becoming a backdrop of modern, innovative business practices worthy of attention. Welcome to a world filled with exciting technological advancements, new trends, and sustainable best practices.

rug cleaning innovations

Emerging Trends in Rug Cleaning

The rug cleaning industry has seen quite a few new patterns emerge in recent times. Businesses are switching up their tactics, steering away from traditional methods and shifting to more eco-friendly and cost-effective options.

The use of organic cleaning products is one trend that has swiftly gained appeal in the rug cleaning industry. Such products not only mitigate harm to the environment but also offer a safer option around kids and pets. As many homeowners are growing increasingly conscious about the health implications of the chemicals used in their homes, this change is warmly welcomed.

The DIY trend has also made its way to this sector. Many consumers are now investing in home-use rug cleaners. To counter this challenge, companies have initiated training programs to educate homeowners on professional techniques and product usage.

Servicing companies have adopted flexible schedules to accommodate the busy lives of today’s customers. Late-night services, home pick-up, and delivery are increasingly becoming part-and-parcel of the customer service experience within the rug cleaning sector.

The Innovations in Rug Cleaning Techniques

As part of their commitment towards offering superior service, rug cleaning companies are constantly exploring new techniques. Hot water extraction, for example, is a widely popular method used to deep clean rugs without causing any damage.

To further highlight innovation in this area take a look at this comprehensive rug cleaning guide. You’ll see that dry cleaning is another efficient technique gaining traction. Using little-to-no water, this method saves water resources and allows the rug to dry faster.

Criocleaning, or freeze-cleaning, deploys specialized machines that blast garments with frozen micro-pellets while simultaneously applying suction to remove the debris. This technique has been lauded for its environment-friendly nature and powerful cleaning ability.

Finally, ultraviolet technology is also finding its way into rug cleaning. It is a method effectively used for disinfecting and deodorizing rugs without harmful side effects.

Impact of Technology on Rug Cleaning

Digital transformation reaches every corner of people’s lives – even their rugs! We’re seeing an increasing prevalence of technology-driven solutions in cleaning methods. From state-of-the-art automated carpet machines, to software solutions for business operations.

Advanced machinery for rug cleaning is becoming more commonplace in the industry. For instance, automatic rug dusters and washers help maintain the longevity of these precious home furnishings while ensuring thorough cleanliness.

Integration of modern software programs aids businesses in managing their operations more effectively. The use of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software allows companies to work closely with their customers, providing better service and easier appointment scheduling.

Moreover, certain sophisticated machinery can now be operated using mobile applications. This introduces a new level of convenience and advances the industry in unimaginable ways.

Sustainable Practices in Rug Cleaning

An increasingly important sector-wide consideration is sustainability. As environmental concerns continue to rise, the rug cleaning industry has become a key player in championing eco-friendly processes.

From water conservation efforts combined with high-efficiency machines, to the aforementioned organic cleaning solutions that are non-toxic and biodegradable, each step demonstrates an ongoing commitment to green practices.

Another innovative move is the increased usage of renewable energy to power machinery. Methods such as solar power help reduce the carbon footprint significantly while promoting a sustainable future for the rug cleaning industry.

The adoption of these measures not only benefits the planet but also propels companies ahead in a remarkably competitive market. Customers today, now choose services mindful of their environmental impact, making these green practices more necessary than ever before. Industries across the globe would do well to draw inspiration from this sector’s impressive strides towards sustainability.

carpet cleaning technology

Impacts of Rug Cleaning Innovations

Without a doubt, the innovations happening within the rug cleaning sector are making sizable impacts. From revolutionary cleaning methods to high-tech machinery, they’re transforming how people think about this time-honored industry. These advancements are not just for mere show; they increase efficiency and improve overall customer satisfaction.

Think about automatic rug dusters or washers. Smart devices like these have generated massive strides in prolonging the life of your valued rugs and carpets. Moreover, they ensure comprehensive cleanliness in less time than traditional practices.

Ultraviolet technology, too, has made a strong impression. By disinfecting and deodorizing rugs without any harmful side effects, it promotes both healthier sustainable homes and a safer environment. Now, imagine this combined with freeze-cleaning that uses micro-pellets to remove debris – talk about powerful cleaning with minimum environmental damage!

We can also highlight the significant software solutions being utilized. Not only do these make internal operations more effective but directly improve client service through easy booking and efficient communication channels. For rug cleaning companies today, embracing these innovations is a critical driving force behind business growth.

Rug Cleaning Sector’s Market Dynamics

In an era where environmental consciousness is rapidly increasing, the rug cleaning sector’s market dynamics are evolving as well. More and more companies are realizing that going green is no longer just an option but a necessity for survival in this competitive industry.

Using biodegradable and non-toxic products is becoming a selling point for many businesses. Services like the Rug Wash Specialist have noted that consumers are proactively seeking services which align with their values of sustainability, making the switch to organic cleaning solutions both profitable and beneficial for the environment.

The demand for advanced cleaning techniques, like hot water extraction or dry cleaning, has also stimulated market shifts. Customers are willing to pay more for these innovative methods as they result in a deeper clean that preserves the integrity of their rugs. Additionally, these techniques save water resources and allow faster drying times – adding fuel to their popularity.

Lastly, digital transformation has greatly affected how businesses operate within this sector. Those leveraging new-age CRM software or mobile applications develop a solid edge over competitors by offering superior customer experiences and improved business operations.

Mobilizing Resources in Rug Cleaning

In the rug cleaning sector, resource mobilization involves efficiently utilizing physical assets like machinery, technology solutions such as software programs, and human resources including expert cleaners and employees. Successfully managing these resources determines a company’s ability to meet customer expectations while maintaining cost-effectiveness.

Physical resources like advanced rug cleaning machines need regular maintenance to ensure optimal functionality. Implementing management practices to forecast machine downtime, streamline parts replacements or supervise regular servicing can improve efficiency and prolong machine life.

Modern software solutions aid businesses in better managing resources by tracking performance metrics or optimizing overhead expenses. The use of CRM software has been proven effective as it reduces time spent on managing customer relationships manually — making room for improved productivity within teams.

Finally, human capital is one of the most critical assets in this industry. Regular training programs, workshops and seminars empower teams with the latest knowledge about cleaning techniques or equipment usage. This can simultaneously improve employee productivity, customer satisfaction and business profitability.

The Conclusion

The rug cleaning sector’s evolution from a rudimentary business operation to an arena of progressive trends and innovative practices has been remarkable. The journey towards environmental sustainability, integrated with exciting technological advancements, paints a promising future for this industry.

Aesthetically, your rugs might not change dramatically. However, the ingenuity applied to keep them clean is changing the world in its unique, quiet way.

How Are Energy Alternatives All Over The World

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A lot of fuss is going around fossil fuels and other non-renewable sources of energy, it seems that the focus was suddenly shifted towards renewables sources of energy. This could be explained by the eminent danger of running out of these sources while the whole world is still depending on them, not to mention the effect of global warming as well. The shift of attention towards environmental awareness all around the world led the industries to start adopting new approaches in the research and development of energy alternatives. We’ll be giving you a brief review of how the world views energy alternatives, especially the United States.

renewable-energy

Alternative Energy Supply and Demand in USA

United States have seen remarkable growth of alternative energy resources in the past few years. It has the second biggest wind energy capacity in the world, in addition to the biggest solar capacity in the world. While being one of the world’s biggest producers of alternative energy, they are also one of the biggest consumers of energy.

The Energy Market in Ohio

The Ohio Environmental Council is doing its best to steer the state of Ohio from using fossil fuels towards greener alternative energy sources. The sharp decrease of the cost of being able to use these resources enabled attracting foot-traffic to the scene.

Prices differ according to the area, you can get a clear comparison of apples to apples Ohio, gathering information about these installations is going to save you some money in the long run. The council is trying to lessen the impact of climate change; one of their main focus points is electrifying the transportation service, since it’s one of the main pollutants.

Nuclear Power in France and Russia

After some tragic incidents in the past, people became wary of nuclear energy dangers. This is why a lot of regulatory institutions are now in place to make sure nothing goes wrong, and thanks to that, nuclear energy is picking up from where it left off. France is relying heavily on nuclear power, producing over 75% of the total electricity, while Russia is picking up the slack with 18%.

Solar Power in China and Honduras

Solar power is the most popular form of alternative energy, thanks to the huge investment put by a lot of countries and institutions to develop it further. It’s been used in single homes today, with easy installation and great prices. It may face some problems in extreme climates, but there is some development being done to circumvent around this.

China is known to have the largest solar panel capacity in the world, with over 70% of the world’s installed capacity. Honduras is able to supply 12.5% of its electricity consumption using solar power alone.

gcc-solar

The alternative energy emphasis worldwide is now being pushed further for economic and political reasons. There are tens of worldwide clean energy conventions, as this is now one of the main focal points being discussed around the world. More and more organizations around the world are taking the concept of having a better future for our planet more seriously, and this starts with implementing creative and environmentally friendly energy alternatives.

Rubbish Removal Sydney – What to Expect?

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If you live in a huge and vibrant city like Sydney, then you probably know how easy rubbish can start piling up and messing up your life! So, managing this waste efficiently is not only essential for maintaining a clean and healthy living environment but also for ensuring the sustainability of the city’s ecosystems.

This is where professional rubbish removal services come into play, offering a vital solution to the city’s waste management needs. Understanding what these services entail and recognizing the importance of enlisting their help is crucial for residents and business owners alike.

rubbish removal services Sydney

What Are Professional Rubbish Removal Services?

Professional rubbish removal services specialize in the collection, transportation, and disposal of waste materials in a manner that is efficient, safe, and environmentally responsible. These services cater to a wide range of needs, from household waste, garden debris, and construction rubble to hazardous materials that require special handling.

Unlike regular waste collection services that operate on a fixed schedule, professional rubbish removal companies offer more flexible solutions tailored to the specific requirements of their clients, including immediate or same-day removals, which are particularly beneficial for urgent clean-up situations or when clearing space quickly is necessary. You can learn more on this link.

Convenience

The convenience offered by professional rubbish removal services is unparalleled. For residents and businesses in Sydney, dealing with waste removal can be a logistical nightmare, involving sorting, packing, lifting heavy items, and making multiple trips to disposal facilities. This is particularly challenging in a bustling city where time is a precious commodity.

Professional services eliminate these hassles, handling every aspect of waste removal from start to finish. They come to your location at a time that suits you, efficiently clear all the waste, and leave your space clean and clutter-free. This level of convenience allows individuals and businesses to focus on their daily activities without the distraction and time sink of managing waste.

Health and Safety

The health and safety implications of rubbish removal are often underestimated. Certain types of waste, such as construction debris, old furniture, or electronic waste, can pose significant risks due to sharp edges, heavy lifting, or hazardous materials like lead and asbestos.

Attempting to handle these materials without the proper equipment and expertise can lead to injuries or health issues. Professional rubbish removal teams are trained to deal with various types of waste safely.

They have the necessary protective gear and knowledge to minimize risk, ensuring that waste is removed without endangering themselves or others. This professional approach safeguards residents and businesses from potential liabilities and health risks associated with improper waste handling.

Environmental Responsibility

Sustainability and environmental responsibility are increasingly critical concerns for Sydney residents and the wider global community. Professional rubbish removal services contribute significantly to environmental protection efforts by ensuring that waste is disposed of correctly and sustainably.

These companies often have policies and practices in place for sorting waste, recycling materials that can be reused, and responsibly disposing of hazardous substances.

By diverting waste from landfills and reducing the demand for new raw materials, these services play a crucial role in minimizing environmental impact. Choosing a professional service that prioritizes eco-friendly waste management practices demonstrates a commitment to preserving the environment for future generations.

Cost-Effectiveness

While there is an upfront cost associated with hiring a professional rubbish removal service, the long-term savings can be substantial. DIY waste removal often incurs hidden costs, including vehicle hire, fuel, disposal fees, and the purchase of protective equipment.

Additionally, the risk of fines for incorrect disposal can add unexpected expenses. Professional services offer transparent pricing that covers all aspects of waste removal, providing a cost-effective solution without hidden fees. The efficiency and expertise of professional services also mean that the job is done right the first time, avoiding the need for further expenditure on rectifying issues caused by improper disposal.

Efficiency

Efficiency is a hallmark of professional rubbish removal services. With their experience and expertise, these companies have the processes and equipment to handle waste removal swiftly and effectively.

Whether it’s clearing out a large commercial property or removing household waste, professionals can complete the job much faster than would be possible otherwise. This efficiency not only saves time but also minimizes the disruption to daily life or business operations, ensuring that spaces are cleared and usable as quickly as possible.

Flexibility

The flexibility of Ridly rubbish removal in Sydney services is a significant advantage. Unlike municipal waste collection services, which operate on a fixed schedule, professional companies can provide tailored solutions that fit the specific needs and timelines of their clients.

Whether it’s an urgent same-day service requirement, after-hours collection, or the removal of specific types of waste, these services can adapt to meet diverse needs. This flexibility is invaluable for projects with tight deadlines or for individuals who require services outside the standard collection times.

Aesthetic Appeal

The impact of accumulated waste on the aesthetic appeal of a property can be dramatic. Unwanted clutter and rubbish can detract from the appearance of homes and businesses, potentially affecting property values and customer perceptions.

Professional rubbish removal services ensure that waste is promptly and thoroughly removed, enhancing the visual appeal of the property. For businesses, this can create a more welcoming environment for customers, while homeowners can enjoy cleaner, more attractive living spaces.

Space Maximization

Removing unwanted waste is about more than just cleanliness; it’s also about maximizing the use of space. Especially in Sydney, where space is at a premium, clearing out rubbish can free up valuable square footage.

Professional rubbish removal services can help households and businesses reclaim space that was previously unusable due to clutter or debris. This newfound space can be repurposed for more productive uses, enhancing the functionality and enjoyment of the property.

Peace of Mind

There’s a significant peace of mind that comes with knowing your waste is being handled responsibly and in compliance with all local regulations. Navigating the rules around waste disposal can be complex, and the risk of non-compliance carries potential fines and legal issues.

Professional rubbish removal companies in Sydney are knowledgeable about the local laws and ensure that waste is disposed of correctly, relieving clients of the burden of legal compliance. This peace of mind is invaluable, allowing residents and businesses to focus on what matters most without worrying about the intricacies of waste management regulations.

rubbish removal Sydney

Supporting Local Economy

Lastly, hiring a local rubbish removal service in Sydney supports the local economy. It contributes to job creation and sustains businesses that are an integral part of the community.

Moreover, many of these services are committed to sustainable practices that benefit the local environment. Choosing a local service not only ensures efficient and effective waste removal but also contributes to the economic and environmental well-being of the Sydney area.

Who to Hire?

Hiring the right professionals for your rubbish removal needs in Sydney requires careful consideration to ensure that you receive quality service that meets your specific requirements. The first step in this process is to conduct thorough research on potential companies.

Start by exploring their websites to understand the range of services they offer and to gauge their professionalism. Look for information about their commitment to environmental sustainability, such as recycling practices and efforts to minimize landfill waste, which reflects a responsible approach to rubbish removal.

Another critical aspect is checking customer reviews and testimonials. Pay attention to comments about the company’s reliability, customer service, efficiency, and transparency in pricing. Positive feedback from customers who have had similar rubbish removal needs to yours can be particularly reassuring.

Once you’ve narrowed down your options, directly contacting the companies can provide further clarity. This interaction allows you to ask specific questions about their services, such as how they handle different types of waste, their availability for pickup, and their pricing structure.

It’s important to ensure that there are no hidden fees and that the company is upfront about the cost of their services. This conversation can also give you a sense of their customer service and how willing they are to accommodate your needs.

Additionally, verifying the company’s credentials is essential. Ensure that they are licensed to operate in Sydney and have the necessary insurance to protect against potential damages during the rubbish removal process. This step is crucial for your peace of mind and the safety of your property.

Finally, consider the company’s environmental policies and community involvement. Choosing a rubbish removal service that actively contributes to the local community and prioritizes eco-friendly practices can make a significant positive impact on the environment.

8 Easy Tips For Heating Your Home Naturally

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Providing heat in your home is extremely important, especially during the colder seasons. The human body is only able to take so much of the cold before it begins to show signs of incapacitation. It is for this reason that each and every household and business establishment in the country is equipped with its own heating system. Most of the home heating systems are currently being powered by electricity. With the price of electricity constantly on the rise, many people are looking for alternative methods to provide heat to their homes. People also are constantly looking to cut back on their monthly electricity bill.

Therefore, to save yourself money, it’s well worth looking at alternative heating solutions to the traditional gas central heating system or electric radiators. The following are 8 easy tips on how to heat your home naturally.

1. An Open Fire

Having an open fire installed in the living room not only ensures your living room is lovely and cozy it can also help to heat the whole house, but especially the rooms the chimney flue also runs through.

An open fire is a natural way of heating your home, but it’s also a more cost-efficient method with just the wood to burn and matches required to get it going. You could even plant your own trees to cut down on fuel and save on trips to the shop to pick up logs in the future.

If you are considering an open fire just remember that they are a potential fire hazard, hot sparks can shoot out and onto your floor so it’s a good idea to use a fire guard if you aren’t going to be in the room at all times. You should also ensure your chimney is swept annually to avoid any soot build up, which can become a fire hazard.

2. Air Source Heat Pump

Air source heat pumps can be used to heat radiators, hot water in your home and even underfloor heating. Air source heat pumps actually work best with wet underfloor heating, a system that is a natural energy efficient anyway, and work at a lower temperature than a standard boiler would.

If you are considering pairing an underfloor heating system with an air source heat pump, it’s a good idea to speak to a reputable floor heating company to discern what work is required. You’ll need to consider finding room outside as well, as air source heat pumps are fitted either on a wall or on the ground and work by extracting heat from the outside air, even at temperatures as low as -15°C.

3. Geothermal Heat Pump Systems

Heat Pump Systems (Geothermal) have turned out pretty popular as an amazing method to heat businesses and homes alike. They function by depending on the comparatively uniform earth’s temperature 3-5 feet beneath the surface. Though the upfront costs may be daunting, it’s plausible to recover your expense in as little as 5 years & to decrease your energy usage by 44-72%.

ground source heat pump

4. Using Solar Energy

The sun is a viable source that allows life to continue to thrive on our planet. It is for this reason that organizations looking for alternative sources of energy to provide heat and electricity have begun tapping into the sun’s energy. Since it is a natural source of heat and energy, using solar energy to heat up your home will not cause any damage to the environment.

By using solar energy, you are able to make a small contribution to conserving the environment. Using solar energy as an alternative means to provide heat to your home and can also greatly reduce your monthly electric bills, allowing you to eventually save up and use these funds on other personal needs.

How to Heat Your Home with Solar Power

There’re a number of methods which you can exploit from the sun’s energy and heat up your residence. Here’re some tips on how to heat your home naturally using solar power.

1. Installation of solar panels

One way for you to tap into the sun’s energy to heat your home is to install solar panels. These solar panels provide an alternative source of electricity that you can direct to certain electrical appliances in your home. If you have an electrical heating system in your home, you can use the electricity generated by the solar panels to provide heat throughout the area.

solar-panels

2. Work on your windows

If you are currently in the process of looking for a new home, choose one that has a lot of glass windows and doors. This will allow the heat and warmth coming from the sun to enter your home, providing natural heat in your living space. If you are prone to getting headaches from the glare of light, you can easily have a tint placed on the glass windows and doors. This tint will still allow the heat and warmth from the sun to pass through while minimizing the glare at the same time.

Another thing to do is to install window Shuttercraft and louvers which serve to help you cut the heat in hot, sultry summer as well as reduce the heat loss in the thick of winter. A few of them additionally have insulation characteristics built within them & they suit well upon the frame, assisting like an air boundary within it & the window. On the other hand, the louvers help to enhance ventilation and also help natural sun & light inside.

3. Opt for solar water heating systems

Solar water heating systems tap into the heat generated by the sun and heat up the water that you use in your house. Instead of using electricity, solar water heating systems use a series of pipes that transfer the heat they absorb from the sun to the water that passes through these pipes. This water is then collected and stored in an insulated water tank in order to prevent the heated water from cooling down.

5. Pellet Stoves and Boilers

Boilers and Wood-Pellet-Stoves are machines which can consume biomass to give out space heating during the cold season. It’s an advancement of the age-old technology of open stoves, open fires or fireplaces. Biomass like firewood has been swarming previously and even in the present, a good quantity is accessible. Unlike in the past, it’s not possible presently to cut down trees or boughs whenever you require fuel to light up your stoves.

Make use of biomass fuel

An answer has been found in the fuel crises when it hit the seventies in wood pellet, a pelletized waste product of timber and furniture manufacture. The hitherto piled up wood chips, shavings, and sawdust that created a disposal problem to the industrialist, at last, found a way to clear the sawmill or the factory dump yard.

biomass-resources

Biomass wastes can be transformed into efficient heating fuel

Presently, you would discover completely automated pellet-boilers that you would set up and forget, thus to speak. A thermostat would notice your house’s heating requirement, supply wood pellets into the burner by an auger, control the heat production, and stop when not required. All you would have to become involved in is to remove what is left after combustion – ash.

What are wood pellets?

Wood pellets are compressed industrial waste of wood. The biomass wood is a good source of energy easily undergoing combustion and releasing huge amounts of heat energy within a stove or a boiler of a centralized hydronic system.

Each wood pellet is about 15-20 mm in length and has a diameter of about 6 – 8 mm. It is extremely dense due to high compaction at manufacture. So much so that unlike wood it would not float in water but sink to the bottom as soon as it hits the water.

The fuel pellet is extremely dry and generally, the moisture content is less than 10% at the manufacturer. However, it is highly hygroscopic and unless properly stored under strictly monitored conditions, will be soggy like a crispy biscuit left exposed. This, unfortunately, renders the costly product useless.

The evolution of pellet stove

The device, which was a very business-like simple steel box when it was invented in the 1930s, has changed face with an attractive piece of decoration in your living room or wherever you intend to keep it for heating a comfortable interior. The pellet stove may be either freestanding or placed as a fireplace insert that vents into an existing chimney.

The construction material is steel or massive cast iron that radiate and conduct heat out of them. The control arrangement, electronic elements & exhaust functioning parts are encased within stainless steel.

Similarly, just like the decorative stove pellet boilers and furnaces too are available depending on your requirements. The boiler used in hydronic systems has the useful property to store heat energy generated by combustion. These are mainly applied in retrofits with minimum changes to the ducting, plumbing, venting etc. of the existing heating arrangement.

6. Insulate Your Roof and Walls

Approximately half of the heat wasted in a standard home leaks through the roof and the walls. Insulating your attic is easy to do and you may even make the insulation by yourself. In case you now have loft insulation monitor its thickness and if needed add a second layer to draw it up to the prescribed 270mm. Insulating the cavities of your wall could preserve up to £120 every year. Installation takes simply about 2 hours for a general 3 bedroom home and can be arranged from the outside.

7. Dodge the draughts

Do away with wasted heat and draughts by setting up an easy-to-fix and an affordable brush or PVC fastener on your outside doors. Place draught-proof wraps on letterboxes & key holes as well. Draughts likewise get in into gaps in floorboards & skirting boards; halt this by permeating these gaps using a sealant or beading.

8. Underfloor Heating with Natural Stone

Underfloor heating with natural stone is not a particularly new idea, though some salesmen may want you to think so. The enterprising Romans are known to have devised a form of early underfloor heating for the natural stone and tiled flooring of their houses.

Today’s underfloor heating methods are broadly similar in purpose, though technology has, of course, moved on. The efficiency of modern underfloor heating systems is naturally far ahead of the relatively crude Roman invention.

Natural stone is a natural choice for underfloor heating. It does, of course, take a while for the heat to seep through after the system is initiated as the stone is slow to warm up. But once it gets going it stays as hot as you need it to be for as long as you need it. No more painful tiptoeing because of the cold floors during winter seasons; underfloor heating using natural stone happens to be a richness to be enjoyed.

Underfloor heating possesses many benefits over the many conventional radiant heating or even charged air heating. Radiant heating from a relatively small unit tends to be directional and takes time to warm a room thoroughly, while convection heating is great for producing a hot ceiling, but usually, there’s no one up there to appreciate it.

Underfloor warming, particularly at the moment is the most picked natural stone floor covering that heats a house more regularly and completely. It’s a natural pick for anyone who despises cold feet and cold winters.

Heating either a room or an entire house from beneath the floor has different benefits from the position of view of frequency, noise & cost. When correctly created the heat is spread evenly from each part of your floor, hence producing an equally heated room. There’re no irritating fan noises, turning on and off on frequent intervals, and the charge of running an underfloor-heating-system may be amazing.

When it comes to heating your home there are plenty of alternatives that can save you money and help you become more energy efficient in the long run. Just be sure to choose one that suits you and meets your needs.

It is important to note that the installation of heating equipment and water supply should be done by a professional, otherwise there is a great chance of failure in the first years of operation. For example, before purchasing a water pump you should consult a plumber about the technical possibility of installing similar systems in your home.

What to Look For in a Used Car Before Making a Purchase

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What to look for in a used car? Reliability, cost-effectiveness, and a clean history are just the start. Avoid the common pitfalls of buying pre-owned vehicles with our thorough guide. Covering mechanical checks, history reports, and financial considerations, we’ll equip you with the necessary tools to select a used car that meets your needs and budget without any unpleasant surprises.

used car selection checklist

Key Takeaways

  • Set a comprehensive budget considering not just the purchase price, but also additional costs such as stamp duty, running costs, and financing options, and align your vehicle choice with your lifestyle and practical needs.
  • Perform thorough vehicle research including assessment of market value, comparisons of makes and models, examining online reviews and safety ratings to ensure reliability, fuel efficiency, and future resale value.
  • Inspect the car meticulously by checking the exterior, interior, and mechanical condition, take a test drive to evaluate performance and potential issues, review the vehicle history report and maintenance records, and ensure legal and financial aspects such as registration, warranties, and insurance are in order before finalizing the purchase.

Essential Factors to Consider When Buying a Used Car

Embarking on the quest for find the best used cars for sale can be both an adventure and a strategic mission. Before we set off, consider two pivotal guides on our map: your budget and the car that fits your life. Let’s begin by shining a flashlight on the financial trail and lifestyle landscapes that will lead us to your automotive treasure.

Budget and Financing

The first checkpoint in our journey is setting a realistic budget, keeping in mind the hidden treasures and potential pitfalls that lie along the path. A budget isn’t just about the purchase price; it’s the deciphering of a cryptic map that includes stamp duty, running costs, and the mystical realm of financing options.

As we explore the financing caverns, we must compare the interest rates and repayment terms of car loans with the precision of an archaeologist, ensuring no stone is left unturned, especially when it comes to finance owing and money owing.

Lifestyle and Purpose

Now, imagine your future journeys. What does your chariot look like? Is it a compact steed for city quests, or a spacious wagon for family adventures? The size, features, and fuel efficiency must align with your life’s quests—be it daily commutes or cross-country explorations.

Remember, comfort is king; features like air conditioning and power windows transform a carriage into a sanctuary.

Comprehensive Vehicle Research

With our budget and lifestyle choices as our compass, we venture into the dense forest of vehicle research. Here, we’ll compare the market value and expenses of our potential steeds, ensuring we don’t overpay for our ride.

Our mission is to emerge with a car that mirrors our driving needs and outshines similar vehicles in terms of reliability and fuel efficiency.

Comparing Makes and Models

In the clearing of the automotive forest, we find various makes and models, each with its own tale of reliability and performance. As we sift through compact cars, SUVs, and trucks at car dealers, we’re on the lookout for those with a heralded track record—a strong reliability score, a car warranty, and a performance history that promises many more miles of adventure.

The wise buyer also peers into the crystal ball of resale value, as some used cars, like a used vehicle, hold their fortunes better over time.

Online Reviews and Ratings

Venturing into the realm of online reviews and safety ratings is like consulting the oracles. Past owners, through their chronicles of experience, offer insights into the car’s trials and triumphs.

Safety ratings, like shields, provide confidence in the car’s ability to protect its occupants, ensuring our chosen chariot meets our valorous expectations.

Inspecting the Used Car

With a shortlist of steeds in hand, we approach the bridge of inspection, where a keen eye can spot the difference between a trusty mount and a lemon in disguise. We’ll inspect the mechanical heart, the safety armor, and the exterior sheen of our potential rides, knowing that even the smallest detail can tell the story of a thousand journeys.

Exterior Inspection

The exterior of our chosen chariot speaks volumes about its past battles. We inspect for scars such as dents and scratches, signs of past repairs, and the ominous rust that whispers tales of aging and neglect. It’s the first impression that can either beckon us closer or send us fleeing to the next contender.

Interior Examination

Inside the cabin, we examine the seatbelts and thrones for signs of wear, ensuring our safety and comfort are not compromised. A clean and well-maintained interior is a testament to a car’s noble history, hinting at a previous owner who cared for their steed as one would a loyal companion.

Mechanical Assessment

Beneath the hood and body panels lies the heart of the beast. We check for fluid levels and leaks, tire tread, and the integrity of belts and hoses. These are the inner workings that will carry us forth on many future quests, and their condition must be beyond reproach.

Benefits of Buying a Hybrid Vehicle

Test Driving the Used Car

Now comes the moment of truth—the test drive. It’s here that we truly sense the spirit of our potential steed, challenging it across various terrains to witness its performance and listen for any cries of distress.

This is when we call upon our senses and instincts to determine if this car is indeed the one we shall call our own.

Checking Performance

As we venture forward, we test the car’s acceleration, the smoothness of gear shifts, and the surety of its brakes. Steering and handling, with the aid of the steering wheel, must feel as natural as wielding a sword—responsive and precise. It’s during these trials that any weaknesses will reveal themselves, allowing us to assess our potential ally’s true capabilities.

Identifying Noises and Issues

The symphony of the road often tells a story. As we listen to the engine’s hum and the car’s response, we’re alert for any discordant notes—unusual noises or vibrations that hint at hidden troubles. These tell-tale signs are the whispers of the car’s past and present, guiding our decision with every mile.

Verifying the Vehicle’s History

A car’s lineage is as important as its steel and leather. We delve into the annals of time with a vehicle history report and maintenance records, seeking the transparency that comes with a well-documented past. These chronicles will reveal if our chosen car has been a noble steed or a neglected beast.

Vehicle History Report

The vehicle history report is akin to a scroll of truth, unraveling the mysteries of past battles, maintenance rites, and previous ownership. It’s here we confirm the car’s valor with checks for theft, write-offs, and any outstanding finance—ensuring our chariot is not only worthy but also rightfully ours to claim.

Maintenance Records

The maintenance records are the runes that reveal a car’s dedication to duty. They show us the car’s journey through time—its care, its healings, and its readiness for future endeavors.

A well-maintained steed promises a smoother path ahead, free from the shadows of poor maintenance and unforeseen repairs.

Legal and Financial Aspects

Before embarking on this final leg of our journey, it’s crucial to check the Personal Property Securities Register to uncover any security interests attached to the motor vehicle. This step ensures that our chosen chariot is not encumbered with financial obligations or, worse, marked as stolen.

As we near the end of our quest, we must secure our treasure with the seals of law and coin. This is where we verify the legality of our private sale and understand the financial implications, including taxes, fees, and any encumbrances that could cloud our claim to the throne of ownership. When buying from a private seller, it’s essential to navigate the risks and considerations carefully. This includes a thorough check of the car’s history, its mechanical condition, warranty information, and an interior examination to ensure that our investment is sound and our journey towards ownership is unimpeded.

Registration and Ownership Verification

The registration papers and vehicle identification number (VIN) are the royal seals that validate our claim. They ensure our steed is not a phantom with debts or a shadow cast by illegal means. We must be vigilant, for only with a clear lineage and no financial burdens can our car ascend to its rightful place in our realm.

Warranties and Cooling Off Periods

In some lands, the laws grant a period of reflection—a cooling-off period—where we may retreat from our commitment if doubts arise. Additionally, we seek the protection of warranties, such as a statutory used car warranty, ensuring that our steed’s armor is fortified against unforeseen maladies. These legal amulets, including the statutory warranty, provide solace and security as we finalize our pact.

Insurance and Roadside Assistance

Our final safeguard before setting off into the sunset with our new companion is the shield of insurance and the sword of roadside assistance. These are the silent guardians that stand vigilant against the unforeseen perils of the road, ensuring our journey is as untroubled as the still waters of a mountain lake.

Insurance Options

Comprehensive insurance is the knight’s armor for our car, protecting against losses and damages, and providing indemnity for our travels. The cost of this armor can be tailored, with premiums influenced by the noble lineage of our car’s number plate or the chosen excess.

The records of our car’s history will be the herald that proclaims our rights in the courts of claims.

Roadside Assistance Packages

The roadside assistance is our loyal squire, ever-ready to assist in our hour of need. With services like towing and emergency shelter, it’s a steadfast companion that ensures our journey is never halted by the unexpected.

It’s the reassurance that, for a small fee, we are never truly alone on the long and winding roads.

Summary

Our quest draws to a close, and we stand poised with the insight of a philosopher and the assurance of a warrior. We’ve charted the terrain of fiscal planning, aligned our conveyance with our life’s adventures, and surveyed our prospective carriage with a critical eye. We’ve deciphered the chronicles of the car’s past, established our legal and monetary fortifications, and wrapped ourselves in the safeguard of insurance. With this wealth of knowledge, we advance, ready to seize our treasure in the vast kingdom of used automobiles.

Frequently Asked Questions

What should I consider when setting a budget for a used car?

When setting a budget for a used car, consider including the purchase price, stamp duty, running costs, and terms of financing. These additional costs can impact your overall budget significantly.

How long should I test drive a used car?

It’s recommended to test drive a used car for at least half an hour to thoroughly assess its performance under various driving conditions. This duration allows you to gauge the car’s performance more accurately.

What is a vehicle history report and why is it important?

A vehicle history report is important because it provides transparency by revealing past accidents, maintenance history, and odometer readings, helping you avoid purchasing a car with hidden issues.

What are the legal requirements for insuring a used car in Western Australia?

To insure a used car in Western Australia, you need to have third-party property damage cover as a legal requirement for driving on public roads, and comprehensive insurance is recommended for extra protection.

What does a statutory used car warranty cover?

A statutory used car warranty usually covers repair, replacement, or coverage for defects within certain durations and specific conditions, governed by state-specific laws like Lemon Laws.

Water Awareness in Qatar: A Survey

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Qatar is one of the world’s most water-scarce countries in the world. But the continuous expansion of fossil fuel-led desalination technology and associated water infrastructure evaded the shortages and led to continuous access to safe and clean water to all the citizens and residents. In recent years, Qatar witnessed the growing household water consumption adding stress to the economy, infrastructure, and the environment. New measures were proposed to curb the demand through increasing water tariffs and recycling domestic wastewater for semi-productive use. However, these measures have not reduced the domestic consumption of water. Conserving water is one of the strategic areas for Qatar for its natural sustainability.

Water Awareness Survey

The water awareness survey tested the knowledge of public about Qatar’s groundwater and freshwater resources. Only a very small share of the public is aware of water resources in Qatar. The survey finds just one-in-four (27%) knows the current state of groundwater aquifers in Qatar, whereas nearly half (48%) of the public is unaware. A notable share (61%) of the public do not know about the freshwater reserve capacity and storage in Qatar.

The survey finds that more than one-third (36%) of public say bathing (shower) is where most of the day-to-day water is consumed. Followed by 26% say toilet and one-in-five (21%) marked washing clothes and utensils (19%), respectively. However, there is no sizeable difference in ranking when it comes to gardening, drinking and washing the car, all rank equally. Whereas cooking (7%) and cleaning homes (6%) are the least water-consumed activities.

There is a slight variation in terms of usage of water for different socioeconomic groups. Qataris’ water consumption in the garden is highest compared to non-Qataris (29% versus 15%) and common among higher income non-Qataris. Also, over one-fourth (28%) of the Qatari public marked car washing as a major water consumer compared to non-Qataris (12%). Bigger homes, higher income and lavish lifestyle drives water consumption.

The survey finds that a large number of people already engaged in water conservation activities, but most of them that are convenient such as loading their washing machine and dishwater fully. Roughly half (49%) of public say it is likely (including very likely) to install a greywater recycling system. Older generations are more likely to consider installing greywater recycling system in their homes than younger groups.

There was a general perception that people are reluctant to use treated wastewater for agriculture or landscaping or non-consumptive use. The common concerns are a health risk, religious and cultural reasons. However, there is popular support for reusing treated wastewater.

A sizeable majority (61%) of public say they would consider using treated wastewater (from kitchen and washing machine) for toilet flushing. A fewer than 10% say it is unlikely or they would not do. Men and women broadly share same views. Some 12% of Qatari men say it is unlikely and 13% of Qatari women say they would not do. However, more than half of Qatari men and women expressed a favourable opinion of using well-treated wastewater from kitchen, washing machine for toilet flushing.

Key factors for water conservation in Qatar

Roughly one-in-six (57%) people say they would consider reusing best quality treated water from bathtubs for landscaping. A sizeable opinion gap exists among and between subgroups. Women are more supportive of this idea than men, 63% of women say it is likely in comparison with only 52% of men. Both Qataris and non-Qataris express favourable views of using treated wastewater for landscaping (58% vs 56%).

What would encourage people to conserve water effectively? Some options are more preferable than others. The most preferred option is installing a water meter and notifying their monthly consumption to their mobiles (80% likely), information about water scarcity and conservation options (76% likely) and putting a limit on the water use at free or low cost (73%). Whereas the responses are divided for increasing the water tariffs and faith-based encouragement. Nearly one-in-four people said it is unlikely that increasing water tariffs will influence water conservation. One in five people said faith-based values would not influence to conserve water.