How To Wrap Your Home In Soothing Pastels

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After a difficult day, returning home to the serene embrace of soft pastel hues is comforting. The soft hues that adorn the walls of your living space instantly melt away any tension, replacing it with a sense of calm and tranquility.

With a few simple steps, you can wrap your home in these gentle shades, creating an oasis of relaxation and rejuvenation.  Let’s explore how to transform your living space into a haven of soothing pastels.

pastel makeover for home

Pastel Home Decor Ideas

Given below are some of the most delicate ideas that you can incorporate in your home decor to give it a pastel makeover:

1. Choose Pastel Paint Colors For Your Home’s Exterior

To effectively paint your home’s exterior in pastels, start by choosing a color scheme that complements the surrounding environment and architectural style.

Consider using soft shades of pink, blue, or lavender to create a calming and inviting atmosphere. When applying the paint, make sure to properly prepare the surface by cleaning it thoroughly and priming if necessary. Use high-quality paint and apply multiple thin coats for a smooth and even finish.

As for how it makes you feel, pastel colors can evoke a sense of tranquility, serenity, and happiness, transforming your home into a peaceful oasis that brings joy to both residents and visitors.

Soft shades of pink, blue, or lavender create a soothing atmosphere that promotes relaxation and reduces stress.  These gentle hues add elegance and femininity, making spaces feel inviting and comfortable. The serene atmosphere enhances overall well-being, promoting happiness and contentment.

Incorporating these soft shades in bedrooms, living rooms, or nurseries can transform homes into a tranquil haven everyone will appreciate.

2. Hang Pastel-Colored Drapes Or Sheers

Hanging pastel-colored drapes or sheers can instantly transform the ambiance of your home into a whimsical and pastel wonderland.

The soft hues of pastel colors, such as baby blue, lavender, or pale pink, create a calming and serene atmosphere.  These drapes or sheers can be strategically placed in your living room or bedroom to add a touch of elegance and sophistication.

Additionally, the translucent nature of sheers allows natural light to filter through, casting a soft and dreamy glow throughout the space. This innovative decor choice will surely make your home feel like a delightful pastel paradise, transporting you to a world of tranquility and peace.

Pairing these pastel drapes or sheers with light-colored furniture and delicate floral accents will enhance the ethereal ambiance, creating a truly enchanting haven. Whether you seek a cozy retreat or a whimsical escape, this pastel wonderland will undoubtedly bring joy and happiness to your everyday life. Embrace the magic of pastel colors and transform your home into a haven where dreams come true.

3. Opt For Pastel-Colored Rugs Or Carpets

 If you want to add a touch of whimsy and playfulness to your living space, pastel-colored rugs or carpets are the perfect choice.  These soft and soothing hues create a serene atmosphere that is both calming and uplifting.

Imagine waking up every morning to step onto a delicate mint green rug or coming home after a long day to sink your feet into a plush lavender carpet. Pastel colors can transform any room into a tranquil haven, making them an essential addition to your home decor.  Not only do they add a pop of color, but they also bring a sense of joy and happiness to your living space.

The pastel shades create a sense of nostalgia and evoke a whimsical feeling, making your home feel like a fairytale.  Whether you choose a pastel blue, pink, or yellow, these rugs or carpets will instantly brighten up your room and make it feel more inviting.

4. Incorporate Pastel Furniture

Transforming your furniture with pastels is a delightful and creative endeavor. Start by selecting a neutral base color for your furniture, such as white or beige, to allow the pastels to pop.

Then, choose pastel shades that complement each other and your existing decor. Consider painting the legs or edges of a table in a soft mint green or blush pink or reupholstering chairs with a lovely lavender fabric.

Add some pastel-colored cushions or throws to complete the look for an extra touch of elegance. With these simple steps, you’ll infuse your furniture with the charm and whimsy of pastels, creating a cozy and inviting atmosphere in your home.

Additionally, incorporating pastel accents in your furniture allows for versatility in your decor, as you can easily switch out accessories and artwork to create different moods.

Whether you prefer a subtle hint of pastel or a bolder statement, the use of these soft, delicate colors will undoubtedly bring a sense of serenity and beauty to your living space.  So don’t hesitate to embrace the charm and whimsy of pastels and transform your furniture into works of art.

5. Place Pastel-Colored Candles Or Diffusers

Transform your home into a pastel-wrapped oasis by incorporating pastel-colored candles or diffusers. The soft hues of these decor items will add a touch of tranquility and serenity to any room, creating a calming atmosphere.

Whether you choose soothing blues, delicate pinks, or minty greens, the pastel colors will instantly elevate the aesthetic of your space and bring a sense of harmony to your surroundings. Additionally, the gentle glow of the pastel-colored candles will create a cozy ambiance during evenings, perfect for unwinding after a long day.

The subtle fragrance of pastel-colored diffusers will also fill your home with a refreshing scent, further enhancing the overall atmosphere of relaxation and peace.

With these simple additions, you can easily transform your home into a serene haven that promotes a sense of well-being and rejuvenation.  So go ahead and indulge in these subtle yet powerful accents to create a truly innovative and peaceful living environment.

6. Paint Your Front Door A Calming Pastel Shade

To paint your front door a calming pastel shade in an innovative way, you can start by selecting a unique color that reflects tranquility and relaxation, such as a soft mint green or a delicate lavender. Next, consider adding a creative touch by incorporating patterns or designs using stencils or tape to create a personalized look.

Additionally, experimenting with different paint finishes like matte or satin can add an interesting texture to the door and enhance its overall aesthetic.

Finally, remember to apply a weather-resistant sealant to ensure the longevity of your beautifully painted front door and protect it from the elements.

This will help maintain the vibrant colors and prevent any peeling or fading. These extra steps will make your front door visually appealing, durable, and long-lasting.

So, sit back and enjoy the soothing ambiance that your beautifully painted front door brings to your home, knowing it will remain a stunning focal point for years.

7. Display Pastel-Colored Vases And Flowers

Picking out a variety of elegant vases in soft, delicate colors will help you add the ideal pastel touch to your home.

Arrange them in a captivating display, placing them strategically throughout your living space. Fill each vase with an assortment of pastel-colored flowers, such as roses, tulips, and hydrangeas. You can get these fresh blooms from flower delivery evansville indiana.

The combination of the beautiful vases and the vibrant blooms will create a stunning visual impact and bring a sense of serenity and charm to any room in your home.

In addition to vases and flowers, consider incorporating pastel accents in your home decor through pillows, throws, and curtains. Opt for subtle patterns and textures that complement the overall color scheme. Light, airy fabrics like linen or cotton enhance the serene ambiance.

Complete the look by adding pastel artwork or decorative pieces on the walls, creating a cohesive and charming atmosphere throughout your space.

8. Install Pastel-Colored Tiles In The Kitchen And Bathroom

If you want to give your home a truly pastel-inspired ambiance, consider installing soft, mint green tiles in your kitchen and a delicate, baby blue in your bathroom. These soothing colors will transport you to a calming oasis every time you step into these spaces, creating a serene and peaceful atmosphere that will make you feel instantly relaxed.

Additionally, the soft pastel hues will add a touch of elegance and sophistication to your home’s overall aesthetic. The mint green tiles in the kitchen will create a fresh and airy atmosphere, perfect for cooking and gathering with loved ones.

On the other hand, the baby blue tiles in the bathroom will evoke a sense of tranquility, turning your daily self-care routine into a spa-like experience.

Overall, these pastel-colored tiles will transform your kitchen and bathroom into serene retreats, allowing you to escape the day’s stresses and indulge in a peaceful oasis within your home.

9. Hang Pastel-Colored Outdoor Lights

Imagine stepping into a whimsical wonderland where the air is filled with a soft, enchanting glow. Pastel outdoor lights are the key to creating this magical ambiance.

From delicate blush pinks to serene sky blues, these lights come in an array of dreamy hues that add a touch of ethereal beauty to any outdoor space.

Whether you’re hosting a romantic evening gathering or simply want to transform your backyard into a captivating oasis, pastel outdoor lights are the perfect choice. Not only do they create an inviting atmosphere, but their soft colors also evoke tranquility and serenity, allowing you to unwind and escape from the hustle and bustle of everyday life.

Elevate your outdoor space with pastel outdoor lights, enhancing the natural beauty with soft pinks, blues, and purples. These enchanting lights create a magical ambiance, transforming your space into a haven of relaxation and enchantment.

Hang them from trees, wrap them around pergolas, or drape them along fences, and let their mesmerizing glow transport you to a world of tranquility and wonder.

10. Choose Pastel Bedding And Linens

When choosing the perfect pastel bedding and linens, it’s important to consider your style and preferences.  Start by determining the color palette you want for your bedroom and select pastel shades that complement it.

Additionally, pay attention to the material and quality of the bedding to ensure comfort and durability. Mix and match patterns or experiment with different textures to create a unique and cozy sleeping environment.

pastel home decor ideas

Remember that pastel bedding and linens can bring a soothing and tranquil atmosphere to your bedroom, so choose designs that evoke a sense of relaxation.  Consider incorporating soft floral patterns or subtle geometric prints to add visual interest without overwhelming the space.

Lastly, accessorize with coordinating throw pillows or a cozy blanket to complete the look and make your bed a cozy oasis.

11. Incorporate Pastel Artwork Or Prints Into Your Walls

Transforming your walls into a vibrant and whimsical display of pastel art is easier than you think! Start by selecting a theme that resonates with your style and personality.  Choose artwork or prints that speak to you, whether it’s dreamy landscapes or abstract compositions.

Next, consider the placement – create a gallery wall with different-sized frames or opt for a focal point by hanging a large statement piece.

To enhance the pastel hues, complement the artwork with light-colored furniture and decorative accents.  Look for pieces in shades of white, cream, and soft pastels to create a cohesive and harmonious look. Incorporate textured elements such as fluffy rugs or velvet cushions to add depth and interest to the space.

Additionally, consider adding pops of metallic accents like gold or silver to bring a touch of glamour to the pastel palette. Finally, remember lighting.

Create a cozy atmosphere with pastel art using soft, warm lighting like pendants, table lamps, or fairy lights. Choose diffused or fairy lights for a soothing ambiance and balance to avoid harsh shadows and maintain a serene atmosphere.

Embrace Pastels In Your Decor!

Embracing soothing pastel colors can truly transform your home into a tranquil oasis. Incorporating these gentle hues in your walls, furniture, and decor creates a serene and calming atmosphere that promotes relaxation and rejuvenation.

The softness of pastels can also enhance natural light, making your space feel brighter and more spacious. Additionally, pastel colors evoke a sense of nostalgia and innocence, creating a warm and welcoming environment for both residents and guests.

Whether you choose a delicate shade of lavender or a subtle baby blue, wrapping your home in soothing pastels will undoubtedly create a peaceful sanctuary where you can escape daily life’s stresses.

So go ahead and wrap your home in these beautiful shades – you’ll be amazed at the peaceful ambiance they bring to every room.

Green Building Rating Systems in the MENA Countries

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Green buildings not only contribute towards a sustainable construction and environment but also bring lots of benefits and advantages to building owners and users. Lower development costs, lower operating costs, increased comforts, healthier indoor environment quality, and enhanced durability and less maintenance costs are hallmarks of a typical green building.

A wide range of green building rating and assessment systems are used around the world, including LEED and BREEAM. Sustainability is now a top priority in MENA region and countries like Qatar and UAE have come up with their own green building rating system to incorporate socio-economic, environmental and cultural aspects in modern architecture.

green building rating systems in Middle East

Global Sustainability Assessment System (Qatar)

The Global Sustainability Assessment System (GSAS), formerly known as the Qatar Sustainability Assessment System (QSAS), was developed in 2010 by Gulf Organization for Research and Development (GORD) in collaboration with T.C. Chan Center at the University of Pennsylvania. GSAS aims at creating a sustainable urban environment to reduce environmental impacts of buildings while satisfying local community needs.

GSAS is billed as the world’s most comprehensive green building assessment system developed after rigorous analysis of 40 green building codes from all over the world. The most important feature of GSAS is that it takes into account the region’s social, economic, environmental and cultural aspects, which are different from other parts of the world.

Several countries in the MENA region, such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Jordan and Sudan, have shown keen interest in the adoption of GSAS as unified green building code for the region.

The criteria of GSAS certification is divided into eight different categories

qatar green building-rating system

The criteria of GSAS certification is divided into eight different categories

Qatar has incorporated QSAS into Qatar Construction Standards 2010 and it is now mandatory for all private and public sector projects to get GSAS certification. GSAS combines 140 building sustainability assessment mechanisms and is divided into eight categories including urban connectivity, site, energy, water, materials, indoor environment, cultural and economic value and management and operations.

Each category of the system will measure a different aspect of a project’s environmental impact. Each category is broken down into specific criteria that measure and define individual issues. A score is then awarded for each category on the basis of the degree of compliance.

Pearl Rating System (Abu Dhabi)

The Pearl Rating System (PRS) is the green building rating system for the emirate of Abu Dhabi designed to support sustainable development from design to construction to operational accountability of communities, buildings and villas. It provides guidance and requirements to rate potential performance of a project with respect to Estidama (or sustainability).

The Pearl Rating System is an initiative of the part of the government to improve the life of people living in Abu Dhabi, by focusing on cultural traditions and social values. The rating system is specifically tailored to the hot and arid climate of Abu Dhabi which is characterized by high energy requirements for air-conditioning, high evaporation rates, infrequent rainfall and potable water scarcity.

pearl green building rating system of UAE

Various categories in the Peal Rating System

Various Categories in the Pearl Rating System

The Pearl Rating System has various levels of certification. ranging from one to five pearls. A minimum certification of one pearl is required for all new development projects within Abu Dhabi. The Pearl Rating System is organized into seven categories where there are both mandatory and optional credits. To achieve a 1 Pearl rating, all the mandatory credit requirements must be met.

Mostadam (Saudi Arabia)

Mostadam, developed by the Ministry of Housing, is the official green building rating system of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It has been specifically developed for KSA’s local climate and environmental characteristics.

Mostadam aligns with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 and the Saudi Green Building Code. This green building rating system aims to promote energy and water conservation, improve waste management, and reduce the environmental impact of construction practices.

The system consists of three rating systems:

  • Mostadam for residential buildings
  • Mostadam for communities
  • Mostadam for commercial buildings

ARZ Building Rating System (Lebanon)

The relatively unknown ARZ Building Rating System is the first Lebanese green building initiative of international standard with its certification process being administered by the Lebanon Green Building Council (LGBC).  It has been established to support the growth and adoption of sustainable building practices in Lebanon, with a specific focus on the environmental assessment and rating system for commercial buildings.

The ARZ Green Building Rating System was developed by Lebanese expertise of LGBC in partnership with the International Finance Corp. Its aim is to maximize the operational efficiency and minimize environmental impacts. The ARZ rating system is evidence-based approach to assessing how green a building is. The system includes a list of technologies, techniques, masonry estimating services, procedures and energy consumption levels that LGBC expects to see in green buildings.

An assessor accredited by LGBC will take an inventory of the energy and water consumption, technologies, techniques and procedures that are used in the building and then LGBC will score the building according to how well the inventory matches the list of technologies, techniques and procedures that make up the ARZ rating system requirements.

How to Read a Pet Food Label – What to Look For, Ingredients to Avoid

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As a pet owner, you want the best for your furry friends. That includes ensuring they get nutritious and safe meals. Reading pet food labels is crucial in making this happen.

While it may seem daunting at first, understanding these labels will help you make informed decisions about what goes into your pet’s diet. Here’s an overview of what you need to know about extracting info from often confusing labeling.

Ingredients in pet food

Key Elements You Should Look For on a Pet Food Label

When you’re scanning pet food labels, there are certain elements that need your attention. Here’s a quick rundown of what to look for:

  • The product name: This often provides clues about the food’s content.
  • Guaranteed analysis: Lists percentages of key nutrients like protein and fiber.
  • Ingredient list: Ingredients are listed by weight, so those in larger amounts appear first.
  • Nutritional adequacy statement or AAFCO statement: Confirms whether the food meets nutritional standards set by the leading industry body.

Lastly, don’t forget to check the expiration date. Fresher is always better when it comes to pet foods, as it is for humans too! Even if avoiding food waste is your aim, you can still be discerning if you’re in the middle of the purchasing process.

Decoding Ingredient Lists: Knowing What’s Healthy for Your Pets

Want to know exactly what your pet is eating? Then deciphering the ingredient list is vital. Here’s a breakdown of components that suggest nutritional value:

  • Whole proteins: Look out for real meat sources such as chicken, beef, or fish.
  • Grains and vegetables: These contribute valuable fiber and nutrients.
  • Fats from identifiable sources: Such as chicken fat or flaxseed oil.

Checking the order of ingredients is essential too. In pet food labels, items are listed by volume before cooking. The first few indicate what most of the food comprises.

Also keep in mind that just because an ingredient sounds like something you wouldn’t eat doesn’t mean it’s bad for your pet! It all comes down to balance in their overall diet.

Pet age is also a factor to consider, as this will impact product formulation and ingredients. For instance, CBD treats for older dogs will have different proportions of component parts than those aimed at younger animals.

Incidents to Avoid in Your Pet’s Diet: A Comprehensive Guide

It’s equally important to know which ingredients are harmful for your pet. Watch out for these red flags when selecting pet food:

  • Generic meats and fats: Without specifics like ‘animal fat’, the exact origin stays unclear, raising safety concerns.
  • Artificial colors, preservatives or flavors: These additives offer no health benefits and might harm your pet over time.
  • Corn syrup or sugar: Pets don’t need added sugars in their diet. It can lead to weight gain and other adverse effects.

Also beware of claims like ‘premium’ or ‘gourmet’. They’re often marketing tactics with no official definition behind them.

‘Meat Meal’ vs ‘Real Meat’: Breaking Down Confusing Terminology

The pet food industry sometimes uses ambiguous terms causing confusion for consumers. Two of such examples are:

  • Real meat: As the name suggests, it comes directly from animals.
  • Meat meal: This refers to meat cooked down to a concentrated protein source.

Though ‘real meat’ might sound superior, ‘meat meal’ isn’t necessarily bad if sourced responsibly. It can provide your pets with essential proteins too. The key is understanding the quality and origin of these ingredients in pet food.

Putting it All Together: Making Informed Choices for Your Pet’s Nutrition

Having decoded pet food labels, you’re now equipped to make informed decisions about your pets’ nutrition. Understanding the significance of ingredients and recognizing what to avoid lets you confidently choose foods that will keep them healthy, vibrant and happy. And ultimately, a balanced diet is paramount to your pet’s wellness.

7 Insights into Diamond Mining and its Environmental Impact

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To make diamond jewelry, the gems we covet need to be mined. This practice is not without its problems, especially from an environmental perspective.

So with that in mind, let’s look at what consumers need to know about the mark that mining leaves on our planet, and the alternatives that are out there for anyone who wants to minimize their own carbon footprint.

environmental impact of mining diamonds

Unveiling the Glitter: The Diamond Mining Process

Diamond mining is a process shrouded in mystery for many. It starts with prospecting, where geologists search for kimberlite pipes, which are ancient pathways of volcanic activity that have carried diamonds to Earth’s surface from deep within its mantle over millions of years.

Once identified, an open pit or underground mine is established depending on factors like the pipe’s depth and economic viability. Excavated ore then goes through crushing and milling procedures to reduce it down to a manageable size.

Following this, diamond-rich concentrate is isolated using techniques such as gravity separation, magnetic separation or X-ray sorting methods.

Ever complex and intriguing, these processes present challenges stretching beyond just obtaining the gems locked up underground. That’s why eye clean man-made diamonds that are lab-grown rather than mined are increasing in popularity, as we’ll discover later.

Diamonds and the Environment: A Complicated Relationship

Diamond mining, like many extractive industries, can have a significant impact on our environment when not managed responsibly. This is due to several reasons including:

  • The noticeable landscape alteration resulting from the creation of colossal open pits or tunnels.
  • Depletion of soil nutrient content and imbalances in local flora and fauna caused by large-scale earth movements. Soil is vital for the environment, so this is a major sticking point.
  • Disrupting ecosystems through noise pollution generated by heavy machinery.

These are surface-level impacts. We’ll discuss more about the other costs that come with mining diamonds, and appreciate that this is an industry which creates ripples that are felt elsewhere.

A Fluid Problem: Water Pollution Concerns in Diamond Industry

The diamond mining industry’s harsh environmental footprint becomes even more stark when considering water pollution. The reason behind this lies within the very process of extracting these gems.

Mining involves large volumes of earth and gravel, which are thoroughly washed during ore processing. This high-intensity washing generates run-off water rich in sediment that can devastate surrounding aquatic habitats if left untreated. Abandoned mines pose additional risks as accumulated rainwater leeches harmful substances from exposed rocks.

Water is an inherent part of all forms of life on our planet, sustaining humans, animals, and vegetation. Hence these points highlight the urgency in safeguarding it against such detrimental effects while discussing potential solutions later down the line.

Air Quality Issues Associated with Excavation Activities

On top of water pollution, diamond mining operations often lead to significant degradation of air quality too. Here’s how:

  • Dust generated from excavation can create localized ‘dust clouds’ affecting the respiratory health of local communities and workers.
  • Combustion engines used in machinery release emissions contributing to greenhouse gasses and climate change.

Air pollution is not a local problem. Once released, pollutants travel across borders causing widespread effects on human health and the global climate.

Of course this is not a concern that’s solely associated with diamond mining. Every heavy industry is guilty of compromising air quality to some degree. It’s just a case of ensuring that consumers are aware of what’s taking place, and the businesses involved have an incentive to make improvements.

Exploring Worker Conditions in Diamond Mines

It’s not just the natural environment affected by diamond mining; people working on these mines also face potential physical and health risks. Key amongst them are:

  • Exposure to dust from excavation can lead to serious respiratory ailments. It’s an example of the wider public health implications of activities leading to climate change.
  • The risk of physical injury due to handling heavy machinery is significant.
  • Prolonged exposure to high noise levels could result in hearing impairment.

Improving worker conditions is an essential aspect of responsible operations within this industry and deserves as much attention as attempts to mitigate the environmental fallout.

Private Companies’ Role in Environmental Degradation

The question regarding corporate accountability for environmental degradation from diamond mining is tough to ignore. Here are a few factors pointing towards their influence:

  • Many mines operate under the jurisdiction of private companies with profit-making as one of their main objectives.
  • Such corporations can dictate the extent and manner of extractive activities, ultimately controlling the resultant ecological impact.
  • While regulations exist, enforcement varies greatly across different regions.

It’s reasonable to question if enough is being done by these organizations to protect our planet while pursuing profits. Ramping up the scrutiny is the only way to bring about positive change.

diamond-ethically-sound-future

Innovating Sparkle: Lab-Grown Diamonds as a Greener Alternative

As concerns grow over the environmental impact of diamond mining, lab-grown diamonds have emerged as an intriguing alternative. This revolutionary process offers several potential advantages:

  • It significantly reduces ecological disruption caused by extensive excavation.
  • Water and air pollution worries associated with traditional mining are nearly eliminated.
  • The creation conditions can be controlled, reducing risks to human health.

While it’s important to note that lab-grown diamonds require energy for production, this can be offset more easily, with zero net emission foundries forging a more planet-positive future for this industry niche. So overall they offer a promising pathway toward meeting demand in a more environment-friendly manner.

As consumers become increasingly conscious of their buying choices’ worldwide impact, these dazzling creations could usher in an era where beautiful jewelry doesn’t necessitate ecological harm. And of course diamonds are not the only lab-grown gems available, giving consumers choice without compromising on quality.

Wrapping Up

As we’ve seen, the diamond industry has its share of environmental challenges. Yet change is on the horizon, with potential solutions like lab-grown diamonds coming to light.

It’s an invitation for everyone involved, from corporations to consumers, to drive this crucial shift towards preserving our planet without dimming the luster of our beloved gems.

التغير المناخي بين السماء و الأرض

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إن الدول و الحكومات و أصحاب السلطة جد مقصرون في تشجيع مواطنيهم على تبني ممارسات الحفاظ على البيئة و الطاقة و الماء, و لا يمكن أن يقتصر التشجيع على التحسيس و التشجيع فقط بل يجب أن يتعداه إلى إجراءات ملموسة إما ماديا أو تشريعيا. رسميا و إعلاميا تتخذ الدول توجهات صداحة و براقة على المستوى الدولي لكن يبقى هذا ضعيفا و محدودا على مستوى التعامل اليومي و المجتمعي الداخلي أو ما يسمى باللامركزية و كأن الأمر يهم الدول و هي في معزل عن الأفراد و الأشخاص الذين يكونوهم. أو أن هؤلاء الأشخاص غير معنيون بالتلوث و التغير المناخي. و هنا أريد أن أتوجه باقتراحات لحث المسلمين على وجه التحديد و كل من له مرجعية دينية على وجه التعميم فيما يمكن أن يفعلوه للمساهمة في الحد من التغير المناخي.

climate-change-sky-earth

يؤمن أهل الديانات السماوية بمفهوم يوم القيامة. لكن ألم يلاحظ هؤلاء ماذا سيقع في يوم القيامة. أليست هي في أغلبها عبارة عن كوارث طبيعية ستقع على مستوى السماء و الأرض و الماء. أليس هذا بالضبط ما يتم التحذير منه من خلال الخلل في النظم البيئية و المناخية التي بدأ بعض أعراضها بما يسمى بالتغير المناخي. ألا يجدر بالإنسانية أن تتناسى الآن كل ما يفرقها وتنكب على العمل سويا من أجل حل مشاكل البيئة و الكوكب الذي يؤوينا.

على المستوى الفردي هناك إجراءات بسيطة يمكن القيام بها فعليا و ليس نظريا. و التي يجب على الدعاة و رجال الدين التشديد و التركيز عليها أكثر من العبادات الروحية الأخرى. أولا لأن هذه الإجراءات ستعمل على حمايتنا و إنقاذنا , و ثانيا لأنها تجسيد لروح هذه العبادات الروحية. و هذا مثلا ما يمكن فعله :

غرس الأشجار و الاهتمام بها و بالأشجار المغروسة سلفا. إن غرس شجرة ليس له علاقة  بالمفهوم الآني أو بمفهوم المواطنة الحقة فقط بل يتعداه إلى بعده الديني و الأخروي الصرف اعتمادا على حديث قاله الرسول الكريم محمد مضمونه انه إذا قامت القيامة و في  يد أحد فسيلة فليغرسها إن استطاع. هذا الكلام عجيب و خارق للعادة. لأنه يوضح و منذ زمن الرسول محمد صلى الله عليه و سلم.

أولا أن التغير المناخي آت أو كما يسمى في المفهوم الديني بالقيامة

ثانيا أن احد حلول هذا المشكل هو غرس الأشجار بصفة خاصة و تبني سياسة محافظة على البيئة و الاستدامة بصفة عامة.

ثالثا إذا كانت العبادات الروحية مهمة جدا كما يركز عليها الدعاة لجاء في الحديث انه إذا قامت القيامة فسارع للصلاة أو للصدقة أو أي شيء آخر.

  تشجيع الناس على عدم تضييع الماء خاصة في المساجد و دور العبادة و إعادة تدوير ما استعمل منها لسقي الأشجار مثلا.

تشجيع الناس على عدم تضييع الماء خاصة في المساجد و دور العبادة

استعمال الطاقات البديلة في دور العبادة و خارجها مثلا في الأسواق الشعبية و في أي مكان يتجمهر فيه عدد كبير من الأشخاص. مثلا في الأماكن ضعيفة التهيئة كالتي توجد في المناطق شبه الحضرية و القروية يمكن تشجيع باعة اللحوم و الأسماك على استعمال الطاقة البديلة خاصة في فصل الصيف عن طريق مشاريع يتم تمويلها بطريقة تشاركية و تسهيلات في الأداء.

يمكن كذلك تشجيع عموم الناس باستعمال الطاقة الشمسية من خلال وكالات الماء و الكهرباء نفسها حيث تقوم هذه الوكالات بتجهيز المساكن التي يرغب أهلها بالمشروع مجانا على أن يتم اقتطاع جزء من التكلفة كل شهر مع فاتورة الكهرباء أو الماء حتى انتهاء التكلفة الاجمالية.

تعميم الطاقة البديلة خاصة على الرحالة البدويين بالمجان كليا كي يستفيدوا من خدمات الهاتف و الإنارة و التدفئة و عدم الإحساس بالعزلة لأن بقاء مثل هؤلاء الناس و استمرارهم شيء جد مهم و ضروري في رسم الأمل و تخليق الحياة على هذا الكون.

إن ما تم التطرق إليه هنا لا يمكن اعتباره شيئا نظريا مجردا بل هي إجراءات يمكن و يجب العمل على تبنيها و تطبيقها و هذا يعني أن المشكل ليس في الإجراءات التي يجب القيام بها و إنما المشكل هو في الإرادة الحقة الدافعة للإصلاح ضد الفساد الذي ظهر في البر و البحر و السماء.

The Concept of Energy Management

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Energy management is the best solution for direct and immediate reduction of energy consumption for businesses and households. For the last few decades we have been exploring various alternatives to conventional sources of energy like solar, wind and biomass energy.

However, due attention must also be given to best utilization of energy, improvement in energy efficiencies and optimum management of energy resources. Infact, energy management deals with already existing sources and actual consumption. It includes planning and operation of energy-related production and consumption units.

energy-efficiency-middle-east

Energy efficiency is still not a priority in the industrial sector in Arab world

The main objectives of energy management are resource conservation, environment protection and cost savings. The central task of energy management is to reduce costs for the provision of energy in buildings and facilities without compromising work processes.

The simplest way to introduce energy management is the effective use of energy to maximize profit by minimizing costs. Energy management could save up to 70% of the energy consumption in a typical building or plant.

Get Green Energy is an excellent platform for consumers to take action immediately and move the nation toward a net zero CO2 future without requiring government intervention, new technology or additional infrastructure.

The typical energy saving for any plant or building, using basic energy management principles, could be 10-15% of the total consumption. This percentage may rose to 25-35% by a medium scale energy management program (1 – 3 year). For achieving higher degree of savings, a long-term energy management program, spread over a period of three years or more, is required which will involve a certain capital investment.

Components of Energy Management Program

The major elements of an energy management program are:

  • Set your goal: how much energy reduction do you want to achieve
  • Know your numbers: how much do you consume
  • Define major consumption units and try to reduce consumption
  • Continuous review and management

Energy Savings Tips for Industries

  • Avoid extra-load in peak time. It is way more costly. Consider propane as a more efficient energy source; make sure to get a reliable propane quote before deciding.
  • Turn off machines during shut downs, inspections, maintenance and when not in use.
  • Regular and efficient maintenance of machines and motors prevents extra loads and saves 15 % of extra consumption and prevents break downs as well.
  • Use custom-made heat exchange systems to increase thermal energy efficiency.
  • Attend air and steam leakages. These leakages are extra load on boilers, compressors etc.
  • Replacement of incandescent lamps with LEDs can save significant amount of energy.
  • Use of new and emerging technologies like AI, machine learning, IoT and blockchain

Our case study for energy management program was developed and implemented in textile industry which is second highest industrial energy consumer in Egypt. The program, involving minimum investment, was implemented over a period of one year and proved to be a major success. Direct energy savings were approximately one-fourth of the total consumption. More than one million Egyptian pounds were saved from direct costs, in addition to considerable indirect savings.

Conclusions

Energy management is the process of monitoring, controlling, and conserving energy in a building or an industry. Energy management is the key to saving energy in your organization. Energy management is an important energy resource that can help meet future energy needs while the nation concurrently develops new and low-carbon energy sources.

A Holistic Approach to Tackling Food Waste Problem in Qatar

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In a country that imports 90% of its food, discarded food accounts for about half of Qatar’s municipal garbage. These statistics point to the loss of millions of riyals each year, in the form of food wastage. The food in landfills rots to release greenhouse gases like methane which are responsible for the rise in temperatures which contributes to global warming.

According to Project Drawdown, the global leader in quantifying climate change strategies, reducing food waste is the single greatest solution to reverse climate change, which could draw 87 gigatons of CO2 out of the atmosphere, way ahead of a global plant-based diet, electric cars, regenerative agriculture or even utility-scale solar panels.

What is Wa’hab?

Wa’hab is fighting food waste in Qatar by implementing the 3 Rs of sustainable food waste management – Reduce by creating awareness on food waste impacts, Reuse surplus by redistribution and Recycle food waste to nutrient rich soil enhancer.

Wa’hab was the product of an inner calling, founded on a dream to utilize food to bring about greater public good. We have been able bring the community together under the umbrella of ‘Wahab Food Heroes’, a group with more than 150 volunteers from various backgrounds, religions and cultures.

wahab-qatar

Creating Mass Awareness

Schools and universities have a major role in educating children about the importance of reducing food waste. Children are our future: if we can influence them to make better choices to reduce, reuse and compost food waste, we can assure ourselves of a better planet.

Sharing Surplus Food with the Community

Redistribution of surplus food to people in need provides them with good food and helps save cost, which would otherwise be spent on buying more food. Optimal use of available food also saves Qatar’s need to import more food to meet growing demands. There is a growing interest to donate surplus food in Qatar, with more public events and food festivals reaching out to local food rescue groups than ever before.

food-waste-management-qatar

Over the last three years, Wa’hab has been able to divert more than 200 tonnes of food from being thrown away into landfills. With clearer guidance on surplus food distribution laws, more businesses would be willing to share their excess food with the community.

Composting on Unusable Food

Composting is nature’s way of recycling organic waste by converting them into valuable soil amendment. By composting unusable food like vegetable peels, coffee grinds and plate scrapings, we add essential nutrients back into the soil, thereby replenishing the soil. It is also known to help sandy soils retain water and nutrients which is key to grow the next generation of crops, and ties in directly with Qatar National Vision 2030, which aims to achieve self sufficiency in food production.

Wa’hab aims to make composting easy and accessible to all by providing an array of composting solutions: ranging from machines intended for large scale commercial institutions to small compost bins for urban homes.

composting-qatar

Bottom Line

Sustainability is not just about the bigger changes in society,  it’s just as much about the small choices we make in our everyday lives- choosing to buy that misshaped carrot the next time you go grocery shopping goes a long way to reduce food waste and improve the livelihood of those who grow our food.

Advancements in Tire Shredding: Enhancing Tire Disposal Efficiency

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Disposing of old tires is a real challenge, especially considering its link to broader issues such as waste management and environmental care. With growing global concern, finding efficient ways to handle used tires is more crucial than ever. One approach gaining popularity is tire-shredding, a practical method to deal with tire waste that also minimizes environmental impact.

Fortunately, the tire-shredding techniques of today have undergone numerous transformations, mainly owing to technological advancements. These improvements aim to make the tire shredding process more efficient, sustainable, and less damaging to the environment.

advancements in tire shredding technology

This article explores these technological advancements in-depth, highlighting how they are revolutionizing the future of tire disposal.

The General Process Of Tire Shredding Today

In simple terms, tire shredding is the process of breaking down tires into smaller pieces, often called tire chips or rubber mulch. This begins with the collection of used and discarded tires. These can be sourced from various locations, such as landfills, garbage dumps, and even old warehouses.

Once collected, the tires are placed on a tire cutting machine. Here, the tires are cut and ground down into smaller pieces. The shredding process may go through multiple stages, depending on the intended use of the tire chips. This ensures that the resulting material is of the appropriate size and consistency.

The shredded material is then sorted and processed further to remove foreign elements, including metal wires and fibers, commonly found in tire construction. The product—clean, shredded tires—can be used in various applications, from road construction to playground surfaces.

Traditional Equipment And Techniques Used

The machinery used in the tire shredding process is robust and designed to withstand the wear and tear of heavy-duty operations. Traditional equipment typically involves using tire shredders, grinders, and granulators. Each machine serves a different purpose, breaking the tires into smaller pieces.

Tire shredders are the first stage in the process. These machines have potent blades that cut the tires into smaller chunks. Grinders and granulators then come into play, breaking down the chunks into smaller pieces or granules. These machines are often custom-built and designed to handle the rigors of shredding rubber, a tough and resilient material.

In terms of techniques, most traditional tire shredding processes involve using a conveyor belt system to feed the tires into the shredders. The shredding happens at room temperature, a process known as ambient shredding. While effective, these traditional methods are now being complemented or replaced by more advanced techniques.

Implications For Waste Management

Tire shredding has significant implications for waste management and environmental sustainability. For starters, shredded tires take up significantly less space than whole tires. This means that more shredded tires can be accommodated in each space, reducing the strain on landfills.

Furthermore, tire chips derived from shredding are highly versatile. They can be repurposed in various industries, including civil engineering, construction, and even energy generation, where they are used as fuel. This repurposing extends the lifecycle of the tires, reducing the overall need for raw materials.

landfill in kuwait

Lastly, the process of shredding tires is much less damaging to the environment than other methods of tire disposal, such as incineration or illegal dumping. Both methods can lead to severe environmental pollution, including the release of toxic gases or harmful substances into water bodies. Therefore, tire shredding is an environmentally friendly alternative, crucial in an era where environmental sustainability is paramount.

Advancements in Tire Shredding

Advancements in tire shredding technology are not only simplifying the process of tire recycling but also paving the way for the creation of new products from this waste. Here’s how:

1. Improved Efficiency Of Modern Shredding Machines

Improved tire shredding technology is making it easier to recycle tires and helping industry repurpose this potent material. For example, significant improvements have been observed in the design and capabilities of these machines, including:

  • Automatic Tire Feeding Systems

Automatic tire feeding systems have transformed tire shredding operations. They utilize advanced sensors and mechanical components to automate the feeding of tires into the shredding machines. This automated process minimizes human intervention, reducing errors, minimizing downtime, and increasing safety.

Moreover, these systems have proven effective in managing a consistent inflow of tires. Steadily feeding the shredder helps maintain an optimum shredding rate, boosting overall productivity. As a result, automatic tire feeding systems have streamlined the shredding process and significantly improved its efficiency.

You can watch this video on how tires are prepared for shredding:

  • High-Speed Shredding Capabilities

High-Speed Shredding Capabilities have brought about a revolution in the tire shredding industry. While traditional shredders did their job, they often fall short when it came to handling large volumes of tires. High-speed shredding technology effectively addresses this limitation.

Modern shredders, equipped with this high-speed technology, can process higher volumes of tires at a faster rate. This reduces the time spent on the shredding process, thus expediting the entire tire disposal cycle.

Furthermore, the ability to handle a larger tire volume means that more waste can be managed per unit of time, thereby enhancing overall productivity. High-Speed Shredding Capabilities signify a crucial advancement in the quest for efficient and sustainable tire disposal.

2. Innovative Shredding Techniques

The wave of technological advancements has spurred the development of innovative shredding techniques. These innovative techniques, surpassing their traditional counterparts, offer substantial efficiency, cleanliness, and safety benefits. They include the following:

  • Cryogenic Shredding

Cryogenic Shredding takes an entirely different approach to tire shredding by harnessing the power of extreme cold. In this process, tires are exposed to liquid nitrogen, rapidly changing their temperature. This sudden cold exposure makes the tires brittle, contrasting their natural resilience.

tire shredding technology

Once brittle, the tires become far easier to shred. The previously rigid and elastic rubber breaks down into small chips more readily, significantly improving the shredding efficiency.

Furthermore, cryogenic shredding minimizes the wear and tear on the shredding equipment, extending its lifespan and reducing maintenance requirements. This innovative technique, therefore, provides an efficient and cost-effective solution to tire shredding.

  • Ultrasonics

Ultrasonics represents another leap forward in tire shredding technology. Rather than relying on mechanical force, this technique uses high-frequency sound waves to disintegrate the tires. These sound waves create rapid pressure changes within the rubber, causing it to break apart.

As a non-contact method, ultrasonic shredding eliminates many challenges associated with traditional shredding methods. It reduces the mechanical stress on the equipment, lowers energy consumption, and provides eco-friendly solutions to break down tires. Moreover, it allows precise control over the shredded material’s size, enhancing the end product’s versatility.

  • Robotics

Integrating robotics into tire shredding brings the promise of automation and precision to the forefront. Robotic systems can handle various tasks in the shredding process, from feeding the tires to sorting the shredded material. This speeds up the process, reduces the chance of human error, and enhances safety.

Robotics also introduces scalability into the process. Unlike manual operations, robotic systems can easily be scaled up to handle increased volumes or down in quieter periods without significant changes to the infrastructure.

This flexibility makes the tire shredding process more responsive to market demands and helps keep operational costs in check. Robotics, therefore, stands as a beacon of progress in the tire shredding industry.

3. Advanced Control And Monitoring Systems

In tandem with shredding techniques and equipment modernization, tire shredding’s control and monitoring systems have also undergone significant advancements. The impetus for these changes has primarily been the rise of digital technology, with Automation, Machine Learning, and Real-Time Data Tracking forming the cornerstone of these upgrades.

  • Automation And Machine Learning

Integrating Automation and Machine Learning into control systems is one of the most noteworthy advancements in tire shredding technology. With automation, many manual, time-consuming tasks are eliminated. This improves operational efficiency, reduces chances of human error, and allows for more precise control of the shredding process.

Additionally, machine learning algorithms can analyze and learn from the vast amounts of operational data generated during the shredding process. This capability allows the control systems to continuously optimize shredding parameters, enhancing efficiency and reducing waste over time.

The amalgamation of automation and machine learning, thus, provides a robust platform for driving precision and productivity in tire shredding operations.

  • Real-Time Data Tracking

Another significant advancement in control and monitoring systems is the capability for Real-Time Data Tracking. Modern control systems can now monitor and analyze the shredding process.

This functionality is transformative, providing operators with instantaneous insights into various aspects of the operation, such as equipment performance, shred size distribution, and output rate.

With these real-time insights, operators can swiftly make necessary adjustments to the process, ensuring optimal performance at all times.

Moreover, identifying potential issues early aids in preventive maintenance, thereby improving the longevity of the equipment. Real-time data tracking, therefore, plays a crucial role in enhancing both the efficiency and quality of the tire-shredding process.

New Applications For Recycled Tire Rubber

Recycled tire rubber can be used to make various new products, thereby reducing landfill size and waste. They include:

1. Footwear

In the footwear industry, recycled tire rubber is carving out a niche. It’s used to produce shoe soles, providing a durable and eco-friendly alternative to traditional materials. The strength and resilience of the rubber make for long-lasting footwear, while its recycling aligns with consumers’ growing preference for sustainable products.

2. Sports Equipment

Recycled tire rubber is also finding its way into sports equipment. Its high elasticity and durability make it an excellent material for sports mats, gym flooring, and even components of outdoor playground equipment. This repurposing not only reduces waste but also enhances the durability and safety of the sports gear.

3. Building Materials

Another significant application of recycled tire rubber is in the construction industry. It manufactures various building materials, such as rubberized asphalt, insulation, and roofing. Using this recycled material not only improves the performance of these products but also significantly reduces the environmental impact of construction.

4. Noise Barriers

In an exciting application, recycled tire rubber is now used to create noise barriers along busy roadways. These barriers effectively absorb sound, reducing noise pollution in surrounding areas. This innovative use of recycled tire rubber underscores its versatility and the vast array of potential applications for this material.

Challenges and Limitations

While advancements in tire shredding technology have transformed the industry, bringing about enhanced efficiency and sustainability, they have come with challenges and limitations. They include:

  • Technical And Logistical Challenges

With new technology comes a host of technical and logistical challenges. Many of these advanced shredding systems require technical expertise to operate and maintain. Companies can struggle to integrate these technologies into their operations without a skilled workforce. Further training, which can be time-consuming and costly, may be required.

Logistical challenges also pose a significant hurdle. The implementation of new technology often requires an overhaul of existing systems. This could include changes to the production layout, purchasing new equipment, and adjusting supply chains. Such extensive changes can disrupt normal operations and require considerable time and resources.

  • Economic Considerations

Economic considerations are a significant factor when it comes to the adoption of new technology. Advanced tire shredding systems often come with high upfront costs, which can be a barrier for smaller businesses or those with tight budgets. Another thing you must consider are the ongoing costs of maintenance and repair, as well as the cost of training staff to operate these new systems.

However, weighing these costs against the potential return on investment is crucial. While the initial outlay may be high, these systems’ improved efficiency and output can lead to significant long-term cost savings.

Businesses must carefully evaluate these economic considerations to ensure that the investment in advanced tire shredding technology will be financially beneficial.

  • Policy And Regulatory Constraints

Policy and regulatory constraints can also challenge adopting advanced tire shredding technology. As new technologies emerge, regulations often struggle to keep pace. This can create a need for clarity about the legal requirements for operating new equipment, which can deter businesses from investing.

Furthermore, regulation differences between regions can create additional hurdles. A technology approved and encouraged in one country may face strict regulations or even bans in another. These policy and regulatory constraints must be carefully navigated to ensure that the benefits of advanced tire shredding technology can be fully realized.

Conclusion

The advancements in tire shredding technology present a transformative opportunity for waste management and environmental sustainability. While these innovative systems do bring along technical, economic, and regulatory challenges, their potential benefits must be considered.

Continued research and development in this field will further enhance these technologies and their capabilities. As such, the future of tire shredding technology promises to be an integral part of a more sustainable and efficient waste management industry.

Egypt’s Water Crisis – Recipe for Disaster

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Egypt has been suffering from severe water scarcity in recent years. Uneven water distribution, misuse of water resources and inefficient irrigation techniques are some of the major factors playing havoc with water security in the country. Egypt has only 20 cubic meters per person of internal renewable freshwater resources, and as a result the country relies heavily on the Nile River for its main source of water. The River Nile is the backbone of Egypt’s industrial and agricultural sector and is the primary source of drinking water for the population.

nile-pollution

Rising populations and rapid economic development in the countries of the Nile Basin, pollution and environmental degradation are decreasing water availability in the country. Egypt is facing an annual water deficit of around 7 billion cubic metres. Infact, United Nations is already warning that Egypt could run out of water by the year 2025. According to My Custom Essay experts you can see the information provided below that could be essential for students who write academic papers.

Let us have a close look at major factors affecting Egypt’s water security:

Population Explosion

Egypt’s population is mushrooming at an alarming rate and has increased by 41 percent since the early 1990s. Recent reports by the government suggest that around 4,700 newborns are added to the population every week, and future projections say that the population will grow from its current total of 92 million to 110 million by the year 2025.

The rapid population increase multiplies the stress on Egypt’s water supply due to more water requirements for domestic consumption and increased use of irrigation water to meet higher food demands.

Inefficient Irrigation

Egypt receives less than 80 mm of rainfall a year, and only 6 percent of the country is arable and agricultural land, with the rest being desert. This leads to excessive watering and the use of wasteful irrigation techniques such as flood irrigation [an outdated method of irrigation where gallons of water are pumped over the crops].

Nowadays, Egypt’s irrigation network draws almost entirely from the Aswan High Dam, which regulates more than 18,000 miles of canals and sub-canals that push out into the country’s farmlands adjacent to the river. This system is highly inefficient, losing as much as 3 billion cubic meters of Nile water per year through evaporation and could be detrimental by not only intensifying water and water stress but also creating unemployment.

A further decrease in water supply would lead to a decline in arable land available for agriculture, and with agriculture being the biggest employer of youth in Egypt, water scarcity could lead to increased unemployment levels.

Pollution

The pollution of river Nile is an issue that has been regularly underestimated. With so many people relying on the Nile for drinking, agricultural, and municipal use, the quality of that water should be of pivotal importance. The reality is that water of Nile is being polluted by municipal waste and industrial waste, with many recorded incidents of leakage of wastewater, the dumping of dead animal carcasses, and the release of chemical and hazardous industrial waste into the river.

River Nile is commonly used for dumping of household trash

River Nile is commonly used for dumping of household trash

Industrial waste has led to the presence of metals in the water which pose a significant risk not only on human health, but also on animal health and agricultural production. Fish die in large numbers from poisoning because of the high levels of ammonia and lead. Agricultural production quality and quantity has been affected by using untreated water for irrigation as the bacteria and the metals in the water affect the growth of the plant produce, especially in the Nile Delta where pollution is highest.

Sewage water from slums and many other areas in Cairo is discharged into the river untreated due to lack of water treatment plants. Agricultural runoffs frequently contain pollutants from pesticides and herbicides, which have negative effects on the river and the people using it. All of these factors combine together to make Nile a polluted river which may spell doom for the generations to come.

Regional Upheavals

Egypt controls majority of the water resource extracted from the Nile River due to colonial-era treaty, which guaranteed Egypt 90 percent share of the Nile, and prevented their neighbors from extracting even a single drop from the Nile without permission. However, in recent years countries along the Nile such as Ethiopia are taking advantage are gaining more control over the rights for the Nile.

A big challenge is tackling the issue of Ethiopia building a dam and hydroelectric plant upstream that may cut into Egypt’s share of the Nile. For some time a major concern for Egypt was Ethiopia’s construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) in the Blue Nile watershed, which is a main source of water for the Nile River. Construction of the Renaissance Dam started in December 2010, and has the capacity to store 74 to 79 billion cubic meters of water and generate 6,000 megawatts of electricity for Ethiopia a year.

This creates major concern for Egypt, who is worried that this damn would decrease the amount of water it receives (55.5 billion cubic meters) from the Nile River. Egypt is concerned that during dry months, not enough water will be released from the GERD thus decreasing the water received downstream. This will greatly hinder Egypt’s attempts to alleviate the water shortages during those months.

Conclusions

Water availability issues in Egypt are rapidly assuming alarming proportions. By the year 2020, Egypt will be consuming 20 percent more water than it has. With its loosening grip on the Nile, water scarcity could endanger the country’s stability and regional dominance. It is imperative on the Egyptian government  and the entire population of to act swiftly and decisively to mitigate water scarcity, implement water conservation techniques and control water pollution develop plans that would install more efficient irrigation techniques.

With climate conditions expected to get drier and heat waves expected to become more frequent in the MENA region, Egypt cannot afford to neglect the importance of water conservation anymore and must act immediately to augment its natural water reserves. It will be a good idea to use eco friendly cotton bags next time you go shopping.

Solid Waste Management in Bahrain

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The Kingdom of Bahrain is an archipelago of around 33 islands, the largest being the Bahrain Island. The population of Bahrain is around 1.2 million marked by population density of 900 persons per km2, which is the highest in the entire GCC region. The country has the distinction of being one of the highest per capita waste generators worldwide which is estimated at 1.67 – 1.80 kg per person per day. Infact, Bahrain produces largest amount of waste per person among GCC countries despite being the smallest nation in the region. Rising population, high waste generation growth rate, limited land availability and scarcity of waste disposal sites has made solid waste management a highly challenging task for Bahrain’s policy-makers, urban planners and municipalities.

Solid Wastes in Bahrain

Bahrain generates more than 1.2 million tons of solid wastes every year. Daily garbage production across the tiny Gulf nation exceeds 4,500 tons. Municipal solid waste is characterized by high percentage of organic material (around 60 percent) which is mainly composed of food wastes. Presence of high percent of recyclables in the form of paper (13 percent), plastics (7 percent) and glass (4 percent) makes Bahraini MSW a good recycling feedstock, though Informal sectors are currently responsible for collection of collection of recyclables and recycling activities

The Kingdom of Bahrain is divided into five governorates namely Manama, Muharraq, Middle, Southern and Northern. Waste collection and disposal operation in Bahrain is managed by a couple of private contractors. Gulf City Cleaning Company is active in Muharraq and Manama while Sphinx Services is responsible for Southern, Middle, and Northern Areas. The prevalent solid waste management scenario is to collect solid waste and dump it at the municipal landfill site at Askar.

Askar Landfill

Askar, the only existing landfill/dumpsite in Bahrain, caters to municipal wastes, agricultural wastes and non-hazardous industrial wastes. Spread over an area of more than 700 acres, the landfill is expected to reach its capacity within the next few years. The proximity of Askar landfill to urban habitats has been a cause of major environmental concern. Waste accumulation is increasing at a rapid pace which is bound to have serious impacts on air, soil and groundwater quality in the surrounding areas.

Askar Waste-to-Energy Project

The Askar Waste to Energy Project is a pioneering Public-Private Partnership venture and will be based on Build-Operate-Transfer model. The USD480 million waste incineration facility will treat 390,000 tons of solid wastes per year thereby generating 25MW of power which will be fed into the national grid. The project is expected to increase the life span of Askar landfill which is filling up rapidly and would reach its capacity by 2016. The project, expected to commence operations in 2013, will also ease solid waste management situation in the capital city Manama and provide an alternative means for power production in the country.

Conclusions

The Kingdom of Bahrain is grappling with waste management problems arising out of high population growth rate, rapid industrialization, high per capita waste generation, unorganized SWM sector, limited land resources and poor public awareness. The government is trying hard to improve waste management scenario by launching recycling initiatives, waste-to-energy project and public awareness campaign. However more efforts, in the form of effective legislations, large-scale investments, modern SWM technology deployment and environmental awareness, are required from all stake holders to implement a sustainable waste management system in Bahrain.  

وقود الديزل الحيوي

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هي الوقت البديلة النظيفة المنجة محليا والتى تعد من الموارد المتجددة  وهذه الوقود عبارة عن خليط من  استرات ألكيل الدهنية حمض مصنوعة من الزيوت النباتية،و  الدهون الحيوانية أو الشحوم المعاد تدويرهاحيثما كان ذلك متاحا، وقود الديزل الحيوي يمكن استخدامها في ضغط الاشتعال (الديزل) محركات في شكله النقي مع تعديلات ضئيلة أو معدومة. وقود الديزل الحيوي هو سهلة الاستخدام، والقابلة للتحلل غير سام، وخالية أساسا من الكبريت والعطريات. عادة ما يتم استخدامه كمادة مضافة الديزل النفطية للحد من مستويات الجسيمات وأول أكسيد الكربون والهيدروكربونات والمواد السامة من السيارات العاملة على المازوت. عندما تستخدم كمادة مضافة، وقود الديزل الناتجة يمكن أن يسمى ب5، ب10 أو ب20،وهو ما يمثل نسبة وقود الديزل الحيوي الذي يتم مزجه مع الديزل النفطي.

biodiesel-arabic

ويتم إنتاج وقود الديزل الحيوي من خلال عملية تجمع بين الزيوت المشتقة عضويا مع الكحول (الإيثانول أو الميثانول) في وجود عامل حفاز لتشكيل إيثيل استر الميثيل أو. يمكن مزجه إيثيل الميثيل أو استرات الكتلة الحيوية المشتقة مع وقود الديزل التقليدية أو استخدامها كوقود أنيق (100٪ وقود الديزل الحيوي). وقود الديزل الحيوي يمكن أن تكون مصنوعة من أي زيت نباتي، والدهون الحيوانية والزيوت النباتية النفايات، أو زيوت الطحالب. هناك ثلاث طرق أساسية لإنتاج وقود الديزل الحيوي من الزيوت والدهون:

قاعدة المحفزة عبر الأسترة للنفط

حمض المباشر المحفزة عبر الأسترة للنفط

تحويل النفط إلى الأحماض الدهنية وبعد ذلك إلى وقود الديزل الحيوي.

وهناك مجموعة متنوعة من الزيوت التي تستخدم لانتاج وقود الديزل الحيوي، وأكثرها شيوعا هي فول الصويا وبذور اللفت، وزيت النخيل والتي تشكل الغالبية العظمى من إنتاج وقود الديزل الحيوي في جميع أنحاء العالم. المواد الأولية الأخرى يمكن أن تأتي من النفط النفايات النباتية، والجاتروفا، والخردل، والكتان وعباد الشمس، وزيت النخيل أو القنب. الدهون الحيوانية بما في ذلك الشحم، شحم الخنزير، والشحوم الصفراء والدهون والدجاج وزيت السمك من المنتجات يمكن أن تسهم نسبة صغيرة لإنتاج الديزل الحيوي في المستقبل، لكنها محدودة في العرض وغير فعالة لتربية الحيوانات من أجل الدهون. الجاتروفا هو صغير من الآفات ومقاومة للجفاف شجيرة التي هي قادرة على أن تزرع في الهامشية / الأراضي المتدهورة وتنتج البذور التي تدر عدة مرات المزيد من النفط للدونم الواحد من فول الصويا.

وهناك مجموعة متنوعة من الزيوت التي تستخدم لانتاج وقود الديزل الحيوي، وأكثرها شيوعا هي فول الصويا وبذور اللفت، وزيت النخيل والتي تشكل الغالبية العظمى من إنتاج وقود الديزل الحيوي في جميع أنحاء العالم. المواد الأولية الأخرى يمكن أن تأتي من النفط النفايات النباتية، والجاتروفا، والخردل، والكتان وعباد الشمس، وزيت النخيل أو القنب. الدهون الحيوانية بما في ذلك الشحمر، والشحوم الصفراء والدهون والدجاج وزيت السمك من المنتجات يمكن أن تسهم نسبة صغيرة لإنتاج الديزل الحيوي في المستقبل، لكنها محدودة في العرض وغير فعالة لتربية الحيوانات من أجل الدهون. الجاتروفا هو صغير من الآفات ومقاومة للجفاف شجيرة التي هي قادرة على أن تزرع في الهامشية / الأراضي المتدهورة وتنتج البذور التي تدر عدة مرات المزيد من النفط للدونم الواحد من فول الصويا.

بين المواد الأولية البديلة، يحمل الطحالب إمكانات هائلة لتوفير المواد غير الغذائية، وارتفاع العائد المرتفع وغير الصالحة للزراعة المصدر استخدام الأراضي وقود الديزل الحيوي والإيثانول والهيدروجين وقود. الطحالب قد تشد الانتباه لأن الوقود الحيوي على أساس فدان بواسطة فدان، الطحالب يمكن أن تنتج 100-300 مرة من العائد النفطي من فول الصويا على الأراضي الهامشية ومع المياه المالحة. الطحالب هو الكائن الحي photosynthesizing الأسرع نموا، وقادر على استكمال دورة النمو بأكمله كل بضعة أيام.

ترجمة 

سجى البغدادي  –طالبة  بكالوريس ادارة مياه وبيئة في  الجامعة الهاشمية ومنسقة كلية الموارد الطبيعة   ناشطة ومتتطوعة  مع عدة مبادرات و مهتم في مجال البيئة والمياه و  التغير المناخ

Analysis of a Composting Facility

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The composting process is a complex interaction between the waste and the microorganisms within the waste. The microorganisms that carry out this process fall into three groups: bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes. Actinomycetes are a form of fungi-like bacteria that break down organic matter.

The first stage of the biological activity is the consumption of easily available sugars by bacteria, which causes a fast rise in temperature. The second stage involves bacteria and actinomycetes that cause cellulose breakdown. The last stage is concerned with the breakdown of the tougher lignins by fungi.

compost_cycle

The composting process occurs when biodegradable waste is piled together with a structure allowing for oxygen diffusion and with a dry matter content suiting microbial growth. The temperature of the biomass increases due to the microbial activity and the insulation properties of the piled material. The temperature often reaches 650C to 750C within a few days and then declines slowly. This high temperature in composting hastens the elimination of pathogens and weed seeds.

Insights into a Composting Facility

A typical composting plant consist of some or all of the following technical units: bag openers, magnetic and/or ballistic separators, sieves, shredders, mixing and homogenization equipment, turning equipment, aeration systems, bio-filters, scrubbers, control systems etc.

Composting costs include site acquisition and development, regulatory compliance, facility operations, and marketing of the finished product. Additional requirements may include land for buffers around the compost facility, site preparation, and handling equipment such as shredders, screens, conveyors, and turners. Facilities and practice to control odors, leachate, and runoff are a critical part of any compost operation.

Composting_Vancouver

Composting Facility in Vancouver

The cost of constructing and operating a windrow composting facility will vary from one location to another. The operating costs depend on the volume of material processed. The use of additional feed materials, such as paper and mixed municipal solid waste, will require additional capital investment and materials processing labor.

The capital costs of windrow or aerated piles are lower than in-vessel composting configuration. However, costs increase markedly when cover is required to control odors. In general, costs of windrow systems are the lowest compared to the other two techniques. The in-vessel system is more costly than other methods, mainly with respect to capital expenditures. In addition, it is more mechanized and more equipment maintenance is necessary; however, it tends to be less labor-intensive.