Climate Change in the Holy Quran: Perspectives

Imagine being stuck in the middle of the desert, with little or no water and all of a sudden you completely submerged in an Ocean. Covered from more than head to toe in water. Springs gushing forth from where there used to be ovens and all havoc breaking loose, with only one ship. Not a single flood barrier in sight nor the ability to be able to capture the rainwater for use later on. This is a glimpse of what it must have been like for the people of Prophet Nuh (AS). In the process he also lost his own family members. The Almighty told him to build his Ark and the people mocked him, but he listened and obeyed.

Quranic verses about climate change

The story of Nuh (A.S) shows us an excellent example of climate change in the Holy Quran. It also highlights to us the impact which flooding can have on society and focuses on effort and not necessarily results. This is clear in the fact that Nabi Nuh preached to his people for almost 1000 years, yet very few accepted the message.

“We did indeed send Noah to his people and he lived among them a thousand years save fifty. Eventually the Flood overtook them while they were engaged in wrongdoing”. Quran (29:14)

One thing that stands out for sure in the entire lesson is that we need to look at the Ark as a sign of hope. There will always be a tool for us to use if we are truthful and steer the course

One other Flood in the Holy Quran, which also had major impacts, was that of Musa (A.S). This is highlighted in the Quran:

“Then We afflicted them with a great flood and locusts, and the lice, and the frogs, and the blood. All these were distinct signs and yet they remained haughty. They were a wicked people.” Quran (7:133)

This leads us to think about the dynamic interplay between events like flooding and disease and how we really need to examine the way we are studying science. We should actually be taking approaches related to multi and interdisciplinary work with large teams of various scientists from numerous backgrounds tackling big problems to solve them holistically.

The story of Yusuf (A.S) is the only one in the entire Quran which occurs in one surah of the Quran, in order from start to  finish This can be seen in Surah 12 of the Holy Quran. The verses pertaining  to the climate variability could be seen as :

And the king said: Lo! I saw in a dream seven fat kine which seven lean were eating and seven green ears of corn other (seven) dry. O notables! Expound for me my vision, if he can interpret dreams. They answered: Jumbled dreams! And we are not knowing in the interpretation of dreams. And of the two who was released and (now) at length remembered, said : I am going to announce unto you the interpretation,  therefore send me forth. (And when he came to Joseph in the prison, he exclaimed): Joseph! O thou truthful one! Expound for us the seven fat kine which seven lean were eating and the seven green ears of corn and other (seven) dry, that I may return unto the people so that they may know. He said: Ye shall sow seven years as usual, but that which ye reap, leave it in the ear, all save a little which ye eat. Then after that will come seven hard years which will devour all that ye have prepared for them, save a little of that which ye have stored. Then, after that, will come a year when the people will have plenteous crops and when they will press (wine and oil) “(Quran 12: 43-49)

The analysis of the dreams occurs in the latter verse with a further analysis suggesting that grain should be stored in the seven good years for the seven tough years. Furthermore, after the seven years of drought a good year will occur with plentiful water and in turn good crops of olives and grapes for people to process oil and wine. This is not in the dream nor part of its interpretation but was used by Yusuf (A.S) to garner hope for the population.

climate-change-lebanon

The Quran shows us, by means of   case studies, what the effects of climate change can be as well as how to minimise the impacts thereof. The stories of Nuh (A.S), Yusuf (A.S) and Musa (A.S) have numerous lessons. These should spill over into our lives and we could make a major impact in terms of saving this beautiful planet of ours and being the vicegerent the Almighty wants us to be.

It also seems as if two distinct patterns of Climate Change could be deduced. The first pattern was a slow persistent change in climate, like the event affecting Yusuf (A.S). The second pattern, in the case of Musa (A.S) as well as Nuh (A.S), was a sudden one in the form of a flood. It also seems as if the modern data favours more intensive climatic changes, but it could also be said that the effects are likely to be erratic.

It should however be noted that the decisions made by human beings in certain instances without proper planning and consultation could have these types of disastrous impacts. This can be seen in instances whereby construction has occurred alongside rivers, knowingly that the river spills its banks on a regular basis.

The Question we should be asking ourselves in a modern context is – What is our Ark in the desert? What do we need to build in order to be resilient to the impacts of Climate Change?

How to Make an Environmentally-Conscious Person

The public discourse on industrial pollution, climate change, global warming and sustainable development has made environmental protection a top priority for one and all.  Concerted efforts are underway from governments, businesses and individuals to make Earth a clean and green planet.  When it comes to sustainability, everyone has a role to play. We can contribute to the global environmental movement by adopting changes that are within easy reach.

Here are some tips to prove that you are an environmentally-conscious person:

1. Use Solar Power

Solar power is the most popular form of alternative energy. Worldwide, millions of businesses and households are powered by solar energy systems. A potential way to harness solar power is to install solar panels on your roof which will not only provide energy independence but also generate attractive revenues through sale of surplus power.

solar-street-light

Another interesting way to tap sun’s energy is use solar-powered lights for illuminating streets, boundary walls, gardens and other public spaces. Solar-powered lights by Deelat Industrial provide a reliable and cheap source of energy in rural and isolated areas.

2. Recycle Stuff

Recycling keeps waste out of landfills, thus conserving natural resources. The first step in recycling is to buy a multi-compartment recycling bin for separate collection of paper, plastics, food waste and metal. Paper, plastics and metals can be recycled and reused while food waste can be composted or anaerobically digested to produce biogas and nutrient-rich fertilizer.

3. Switch to Efficient Bulbs

The traditional incandescent light bulb consumes lot of electricity, and a better alternative is an LED light. LEDs are important because due to their efficiency and low energy consumption, they are beginning to replace most conventional light sources.

Energy-Efficient-Lights

A LED reduces pollution by a ton per light per year, with almost 80 percent reduction in energy consumption. Although the price of such a bulb is higher, it will surely cover expenses through energy savings.

4. Unplug Gadgets

A simple method to protect the environment is to remove the power source when you turn off the gadgets. Putting gadgets (or appliances) on stand-by mode consume a lot of power and substantial cost savings can be made by stopping this practice.

unplug-gadgets

Pull that plug!

Prevent energy wastage by unplugging any gadgets not in use or that are fully charged. You may also use smart power strips that cut the power supply to devices that no longer need it.

5. Use Filtered Water

Buying packaged water in plastic bottles is good for your health but this does create a problem. Plastic waste is something that everyone should worry about. At the same time the water you buy will be transported for a long distance until it reaches the supermarket. This means that precious fossil fuel is used in its transportation.

clean-water-for-home

An alternative that reduces its environmental impact is to filter your own water and use a refillable water container. Tap water is good for consumption and you can always use filtration systems to increase water quality.

Impact of School Closure on Marginalized Children

We are seeing schools close as a protective measure of reducing the potential exposure to the coronavirus across the globe. This is due to the fact that schools could be a major source of transmission from one child to another child within a classroom, from one classroom to the whole school, to within the families and the greater community. And all at a very speedy rate of transmission of Covid-19.

The action of closing schools is an acceptable move in the more developed sectors of the global community as children tend to all have access to the internet, and in many instances have their own ipads, tablets or laptops. So with school closures in the physical sense, it is a very viable option to open up the classrooms to online learning from with the safety of their own homes.

School and university closure has been introduced in over 120 countries. This has impacted around three-quarters of the global student population according to UNESCO. This translates to an estimated 1.2 billion students.

School Closure and Marginalized Children

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, school children around the world could lose out on more than just their education, and at a much more serious level of concern. The issue is not just about education, but their general well-being, especially in developing countries of Asia, Africa and the Americas. The marginalized children are often from low-income households. These children often receive school meals which might be their only source of nutrition for the day.

Even in developed nations, the governments need to include appropriate action to counter balance not just the loss of school lessons but school nourishment for the young learners during and after the pandemic.

Image Source: www.weforum.org

The other challenge is for governments and learning authoritative bodies to provide upskill training for teachers to be able to convert from in classroom teaching and learning to online teaching and learning within a very narrow window of preparation time.

The Fear of Distance Learning

The whole concept of “online”, “remote learning” or “distance learning” has struck fear and anxiety into the hearts of many parents and educators across the developed nations. It may have been speculated and talked about as the way of education in the future. But the future is now. Questions and concerns rose very quickly and were voiced very loudly.

  • How were teachers supposed to transition to digital learning for their students within hours or maybe several days’ notice?
  • How were parents supposed to learn how to teach their children at home, while some are also working from home?
  • How were educators supposed to turn their hands-on, interactive lessons and games into something teachers and students could use on a digital platform?

No answers are given for these questions here. But a translation of what this might mean for education across the globe.

The Scale of the Problem

The number of children who were suddenly out of school or university, was equivalent to the entire population of India. The lockdowns proposed were initially for 2 or 3 weeks. But many of these lockdowns have been extended to 4 weeks, 6 weeks and even 8 weeks.

Even after the lockdown is lifted, there will still be many restrictions and limitations to our lifestyle. Hundreds of millions of students will not be returning to normal classes for months. There will be important exams that are postponed or cancelled altogether. Exams that would determine the future lives of many young people.

Yes, one option would be to cancel out this academic school year and start all over again after Covid-19. Except we do not know the end date of the pandemic, just as we did not know the beginning date.

It is already a known fact that the longer students are out of school, the more likely it is that students will never return to school. Necessities of existence and survival will direct their efforts elsewhere. This is especially true for girls who could be simply married off,  and those from low-income households who could be redirected into low-wage earning situations to help eke out a survival mode of living.

Need for Easy-to-Use Distance Learning Tools

All these reasons and considerations are why it is so critical, so important for governments to put in place easy-to-use distance learning tools with immediate effect. It is also vitally important to ensure that the learning methodologies and technology used do not exclude poor, disabled or marginalized children.

So the pressure is on for education providers to be creative and inclusive, ensuring that educational options are available in the home setting. Some options may sound a backward move but if they are the only option for home schooling, then it is a viable option. Radio and short-wave radio were the modes of education for outback stations in the central desert region and in the Northern Territory of Australia and up in the high country farm stations of NZ in the 1950’s through into the 1970’s. Today, in communities with limited or no access to the internet, for example, radio programs could enable children to continue their learning.

The Most Vulnerable Groups

The children hardest hit of all with regards to any form of learning during this pandemic are the most at-risk children across the globe. They were already marginalized by their circumstances but the current global situation is moving their advancement even further from their reach.

We are referring to homeless, parentless, refugee-status, abandoned and neglected children. These are children who are simply without any semblance of family or communal living existence.  Refugee and displaced children in temporary camps are even more vulnerable than they were before this current crisis.

There are also the young people who are disadvantaged because of physical limitations or intellectually challenged that could be marginalized during these extreme situations.

Low-income families and families with a subsistence lifestyle, may be urgently required to keep their children at home to work on the land, or to work on the streets for their merger funds in order to help bolster an already meager family income. Girls often carry a very disproportionate responsibility of caring for families in such states of deprivation. Their opportunities for any form of schooling could easily vanish totally.

Bottom Line

As in any troubled times, it is those who are marginalized the most, in both the short term and in the long term. Perhaps something good might come out of all this chaos. Maybe countries will be held responsible to care for and provide for their disadvantaged children. Something that really has not happened at a level that lifts the marginalized children out of their level of deprivation.

What Makes a Good Essay and How Can You Get Started?

Writing a great essay is not as difficult as it seems. With the right tips and guidance, anyone can create a well-crafted piece of writing that can impress any reader. This guide will provide you with essential tips on how to write an essay that will help you get started on your journey to becoming an excellent essay writer.

how to write better essays in college

Writing essays can be a daunting task, but it doesn’t have to be. With a little practice and dedication, you can become a great essay writer. By understanding the basics of grammar and composition, developing strong research skills, and honing your writing style, you can craft compelling essays that will impress your readers. Through hard work and dedication, you too can become a great essay writer.

If you’re looking for reliable economics essay writers Essaysforme writing service hires only the best experts in the web.

Understanding the Basics of Essay Writing

Writing an essay can be a daunting task, especially if you are unfamiliar with the structure and basic elements of an essay. However, understanding the basics of essay writing can help make it much easier to craft a well-structured argumentative or academic essay. This article will explore the various aspects of essay structure, including the introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. Additionally, we will discuss the different types of essays and how to effectively use evidence to support your arguments. With this knowledge in hand, you will be able to confidently write any type of essay with ease.

Writing an essay can be daunting, but it doesn’t have to be. With the help of modern AI writing assistants, you can create a compelling essay with ease. These tools are designed to understand the structure of language and generate high-quality content quickly, allowing you to confidently tackle any type of essay without breaking a sweat.

Tips for Brainstorming and Pre-Writing Your Essay

Writing an essay can be a daunting task, but with the right approach it can be much easier. Brainstorming and pre-writing are two essential steps that will help you get started on your essay. Brainstorming will help you come up with ideas for your essay, while pre-writing activities such as outlining and freewriting will help you organize those ideas into a coherent structure.

how to write a great college essay

In this article, we will discuss some useful tips for brainstorming and pre-writing your essay so that you can start writing with confidence:

  • Create a list of topics to explore: Make a list of possible topics you can cover in your essay. Consider your interests, personal experiences, and things you are passionate about.
  • Free-write: Start writing without worrying about grammar, spelling, or punctuation. Use this time to explore the ideas you’ve brainstormed and see where they lead you.
  • Brainstorm with others: Talk to people who know you well and get their help in brainstorming topics and ideas to write about.
  • Take notes: Write down any interesting ideas that can be used to create compelling and engaging content for a variety of audiences, and explore new methods for utilizing AI copywriting assistants in a professional setting.

online paper writer

Crafting a Thesis Statement and Introducing Your Argument

Crafting a thesis statement is one of the most important steps in writing a research paper. It is the central point around which the entire paper revolves and sets the tone for your argument. A strong thesis statement can help you make an argument in your essay and provide readers with a clear direction for what you are trying to prove or argue.

In this article, we will discuss how to craft a thesis statement, provide examples of research paper thesis statements, and explain how to make an argument in an essay. By understanding these concepts, you will be better equipped to write a successful research paper or essay.

Research writing can be a daunting task, but with the help of AI writing assistants, it doesn’t have to be. AI writers are equipped to provide students with the tools they need to write a successful research paper or essay. They can generate original content quickly and easily, allowing students to focus on their research and make sure their work is of high quality.

Developing Body Paragraphs with Evidence and Analysis

Writing body paragraphs with evidence and analysis is an essential part of any essay. It is the part where you can show your knowledge, understanding, and critical thinking skills. To do this effectively, you need to incorporate evidence from reliable sources and then analyze it critically to make your point.

Plastic Waste Management in UAE

Plastics are an inseparable part of modern society. However, their safe disposal is a big and highly challenging issue. A typical UAE resident uses 450 plastic water bottles on an average in a single year1. With the equivalent of 43 gallons on an average per person in 2011, the United Arab Emirates had the fourth-highest level of bottled water consumption in the world.

A whopping 11 billion plastic bags are used annually, according to statistics from UAE’s Ministry of Environment and Water. This goes on to add up to an annual overall waste of 912.5 kilogram per capita2, 3, and 4. These statistics reflect on the extent of use of plastic bags and water bottles in UAE and the consequent generation of plastic waste.

plastic-water-bottles-middle-east

Plastics are used globally in industries like packaging, construction and medical equipment among others. This is because plastics are durable, water-proof, lightweight and versatile. However, some countries use them more than others due to certain socio-economic factors. UAE has witnessed rapid growth in the last decade or so. This has been in terms of population as well as GDP per capita, both of which have more than doubled in this period5.

The above two factors result in higher consumer spending. Moreover, the latter translates to greater importance, given to ‘convenience and hygienic shopping’ resulting in higher demand for plastics in packaging and shopping.

All this consequently leads to increased waste generation. From the supply side also, plastic manufacture (for all purposes including packaging) is a booming industry in UAE and rest of Gulf, one factor for it being abundance of petrochemicals, the raw material for plastics, in this region6.

Had it not been for the damage caused by plastic waste to environment and human health, trend of increasing use of plastics would have been acceptable. However, since waste is being generated at a dangerous rate and its management has become a critical challenge, a reality-check is called for.

Plastics can take as much as thousands of years to degrade. Till then, they take precious space in landfills, are eaten up by unsuspecting animals and birds leading to their death or end up in sea, accumulated in certain areas called ‘gyres’.

marine-waste

 

While in landfills, plastics emit harmful greenhouse gases, which lead to ‘global warming’. This is apart from plastic waste being an eye-sore and civic menace. When in open areas, animals ingest plastic bags, mistaking them for food. Estimates suggest that 50 percent of the camels that die every year in the UAE die from ingesting them which can lead to massive calcified balls of plastic in the stomachs that eventually kill the animals.

The ultimate destination of this waste is ocean. Plastics and Styrofoam (used in disposable cups and plates) comprise 90% of the floating debris in oceans. Marine animals and birds are killed by entanglement or ingestion7, 8, 9 and 10. Further, plastic manufacture is an input-intensive process, using significant amounts of oil, water and power.

Realizing the flip-side of high use of plastics, UAE has initiated definitive corrective measures. The Ministry of Environment and Water has reported that it will ban circulation and marketing of non-biodegradable plastic products in UAE from early next year11. In that direction, Dubai Municipality have launched a “Say No to Plastic Bags” campaign starting May 2013 targeting a 20 per cent reduction in the estimated 2.9 billion plastic bags used annually in the emirate, by the end of this year. This is to be done by means of creating consumer-awareness and offering reusable and recyclable alternatives like jute and paper bags in major supermarkets12.

In Sharjah, a private company, in partnership with Sharjah Municipality, is working towards a 100% landfill diversion target set for the Emirate of Sharjah by the end of the first quarter of 201513. This is being done through development of waste management infrastructure on one hand and community education of the importance of environment principle of 3Rs – Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.

The Government of Abu Dhabi has established ‘The Center for Waste Management’ (CWM) to control and coordinate all activities related to sustainable waste management. Several non-government organisations as well as community groups are also working towards the goal of better plastic waste management in UAE.

References

(4) Bee’ah. (2010). Sustainability Report 2010. Retrieved May 4, 2013, from Bee’ah-UAE

(5) National Bureau of Statistics UAE. (n.d.). UAE in figures – 2001 and 2009.

(6) Yousef, D. (2011, December 18). Petrol to plastics: Bagging the future. Retrieved May 8, 2013, from GulfNews: https://gulfnews.com/business/general/petrol-to-plastics-bagging-the-future-1.952591

(9) California Coastal Commission. (2012, June 20). Public Education Program. Retrieved May 8, 2013, from https://www.coastal.ca.gov/publiced/marinedebris.html

(10) Science for Environment Policy. (2011, November). Plastic Waste: Ecological and Human Health Impacts. Retrieved May 8, 2013, from https://ec.europa.eu/environment/integration/research/newsalert/pdf/IR1.pdf

Going Green to Save Money: The ROI of Green Homes

For many reasons, green homes are more and more popular, yet eco-friendliness can be a complex topic in the housing market. Of course, the reasons are simple enough: green homes have a smaller footprint through sustainable materials and energy efficiency, so are better for our damaged environment; going green lowers energy costs over time; and going green can increase a home’s market value, bringing Return on Investment to sellers. Yet achieving the ROI of an eco-friendly home can be complicated, because it depends on a number of factors, including location, the age of the home, and how soon the owner is listing.

In the last few years, two home-buying trends have established themselves. One is that millennials are making up about ⅓ of homebuyers, and the second is that they are willing and eager to embrace the green home. This is not to say that other groups are ignoring the trends, because they are not, but rather to indicate the large number of buyers committed to spending extra for green homes and features, creating ROI.

New construction has the advantage here, as homes are built to green standards. New homes tend to be located in the trending millennial areas, and cutting-edge, move-in ready has its definite appeal. Older homes can be moved towards the green ideal, but the changes can be difficult and costly; however, since not every home buyer, millennial or otherwise, can afford new construction, there are many markets in which any greener home is valued at  2-7% more.

That green ideal is LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification, or Energy Star certification, for the highest standards in healthy, energy-efficient buildings. The standards are so high, in fact, that an existing home may need to be gutted and rebuilt by an expert to meet them, which may be out of the question for the owner’s time and budget.

Fortunately, there are many green home improvements existing homeowners can still make that will attract buyers and result in return on investment, even without official green certification.

For one, attic insulation is a tried-and-true project that annual reports consistently list for excellent ROI, over 100% ROI, in fact, in 2017. A tankless water heater is a more efficient and attractive feature than an older tank-style version that needs replacing anyway. The Department of Energy points out that a quarter or more of heating/cooling expenses are, literally, sucked away by old windows leaking in both directions; new windows are a major and good-looking  improvement. Transitioning to renewable energy sources can be another source of ROI, if also a huge project, even when there are tax credits and local government grants for the purchase of solar panels.

For any improvement, home location and individual circumstances make a difference, so homeowners should research carefully before any green commitment. The efficacy of solar and wind energy are dependent on local weather conditions. Leased, rather than purchased, solar panels can deter buyers as an added expense, rather than please them. The efficiency of any green change may need to factor in how long the current owners will reap financial benefit themselves before selling for that higher price, to make the investment worth it.  These examples illustrate how tricky improvements can be if ROI is one of the goals.

For people selling in the near future, the advice of a top real estate agent is invaluable to making the right ROI choices. They will know which improvements are most desirable and have performed the best in the local market. It is also vital to have a home appraiser knowledgeable in and experienced with green home improvements, which is by no means all of them. Ensure through research that your home for sale is appraised by someone who will recognize and not undervalue its green features.

نصائح لتحسين نوعية الهواء داخل المباني

يعتبر تلوث  الهواء الداخلي  واحد من أهم المخاطر البيئية على الصحة العامة في جميع أنحاء العالم ,نظرا لتزايد  عدد من الأمراض المرتبطة  بنوعية  الهواء  داخل  المبنى . وقد وجدت الدراسات أن تركيز الملوثات في الأماكن المغلقة الداخلية   أعلى بكثير مما هي عليه في البيئة الخارجية ، تتراوح  الزيادة  من  مرتين إلي خمس مرات ، وأحيانا مائة مرة أعلى من مستوي  الملوثات في الهواءالطلق. وبما  ان معظم الناس يقضون  80٪ إلى 90٪ من حياتهم في الأماكن المغلقة ، فان  نوعية الهواء الداخلي له اأثر جوهري على الصحة العامة.

انخفاض جودة الهواء في الأماكن المغلقة يمكن أن يؤثرعلى نوعية الحيا ة  لشاغل المبنى ، وزيادة المخاطر الصحية وزيادة المسؤولية لمالك  البناء ،وانخفاض إنتاجية شاغلي المبني ويقلل من قيمة إعادة البيع له . و سوء نوعية الهواء في الأماكن  المغلقة يمكن أن يسبب "مرض متلازمة البناء "،وهي حالة طبية مرتبطة بسوء الحالة  الصحية والتغيب عن العمل.

وهناك العديد من العوامل المسببة بما هو معروف بمرض متلازمة البناء علي سبيل المثال لا الحصرتصميم المبنى بشكل غيرلائق للغرض منه، وعدم كفاية التهوية ، بعض المكونات المسببة لتواجد المركبات العضوية المتطايرة من الأثاث و السجاد والدهانات ومواد الطلاء و منتجات التنظيف والتنفس مع سوء نوعية الهواء في الأماكن المغلقة .

الجسيمات المحمولة مثل الالياف  الزجاجية اوالغبار ،عث الغبار و العفن والبكتيريا وحبوب اللقاح ووبر الحيوانات يسهم أيضا في سوء نوعية الهواء في الأماكن المغلقة . وهناك مؤشر لتحدد جودة الهواء في الأماكن المغلقة وتشمل مجموع الجسيمات ،مجموع المركبات العضوية المتطايرة ،والفورمالديهايد ،وثاني أكسيد الكربون  (CO2) ، وأول أكسيد الكربون  (CO) ، والأوزون (O3)، درجة حرارة الهواء والرطوبة النسبية  (RH)  .

في منطقة الشرق الأوسط، , معظم الناس يعيشون في بيئات مغلقة ومكيفة الهواء لفترات  طويله. و مع النمو السكاني السريع ،و زيادة عدد المركبات على الطريق ،و ارتفاع  مستوي درجة الحرارة ،وزيادة أنشطة البناء عن  أي وقت مضى ،ووجود عواصف  رملية موسميه  بشكل  دائم , و تركيز ملوثات الهواء في المنطقة هي من بين أعلى المعدلات  في  العالم. ويعكس  جودة  الهواء  في  البيئة الداخلية أيضا نوعية الهواء و التلوث في البيئة الخارجية.

ان نقل الملوثات من الهواء الخارجي  الي  الأماكن المغلقة يمكن أن يؤدي الي تأثيرات صحية خطيرة . وبالإضافة لذلك كالعديد من مصادر الملوثات في الأماكن المغلقة الموجودة في مواد البناء وموا دالتنظيف والعفن الداخلي  للتكيفات  والمعدات ونمو البكتيريا ،والانبعاثات من المفروشات .

نصائح لتحسين جودة الهواء في الأماكن المغلقة

تتأثر نوعية الهواء في الأماكن المغلقة بتركيز ملوثات الهواء في الهواء الخارجي وكذلك مصدر التلوث في الأماكن المغلقة ،كما  ان  سمة البناء وعادات أهل  المكان  له  تاثير علي نسبة الملوثات. ويمكن تصميم بناء مناسب ونظام  تهويه ميكانيكي واستراتيجيات مكافحة وكذلك تغيير السلوك العام  سوف  يؤدي  بدوره  الي تحسين جودة الهواء في الأماكن المغلقة والصحة والراحة والأداء والإنتاجية من شاغلي المبنى. هناك مجموعة من الاستراتيجيات لتحسين جودة الهواء في الأماكن المغلقة  يمكن حصرها  في  التالي :

التصميم المناسب :بناء الغلاف الخارجي ،والتوجه،ومكان لشفط الهواء ،موقع أنظمة التهوية الميكانيكية يمكن أن تسهم في جودة الهواء في الأماكن المغلقة. وبالتالي ،ينبغي النظر في هذه العوامل خلال مرحلة تصميم المشاريع للسيطرة على المصدر الرئيسي للملوثات للمبنى بأكمله.

التهويه  الميكانيكية  لكامل  المبني :تصميم نظام التهوية والذي  يتناسب مع  حجم  المكان  وعدد  الشاغلين  والنشاط القائم  يمكن  ان  يوفر  هواء من الخارج  للداخل  بشكل  مناسب . في معظم أنظمة تصنيف المباني الخضراء ،ويتم اتباع معاييرالصناعة مثل مواصفات ASHRAE 62أو التهوية وجودة الهواء الداخلي المقبولة عموما .

نظام  خلط  الهواء :  استخدام مزيج من أنظمة التهوية الميكانيكية والطبيعية في المباني ،مثل أنظمة التحكم الآلي للنوافذ  والنوافذ قابلة للفتح  و الغلق ، يمكن أن تساعد في الحفاظ على جودة الهواء في الأماكن المغلقة.

إدارة نوعية الهواء خلال مراحل البناء: خلال مرحلة البناء, قد تتولد انواع من العفن بسبب التعرض لمواد البناء مع الرطوبة. الغبار والجسيمات يمكن أن تتراكم بسهولة على مواد البناء إذا لم تكن محمية. نوعية الهواء خلال فترة التشييد يمكن حمايتها من خلال حماية مواد البناء من الغبار والجسيمات والرطوبة بانواع الاغطية المختلفة والتي تناسب كل المركبات باختلاف انواعها.

مرشحات الهواء عالية الكفاءة :فلاتر تمنع انتقال المركبات العضوية المتطايرة في الهواء الخارجي والغبار ،الجسيمات والأوزون الي الداخل.ان استخدام فلتر الجسيمات مثلMERVعالية الترشيح  يمكن  ان  يكون  من المرشحات الأكثر فعالية في تصفية الغبار والجسيمات من الهواء الخارجي الي الداخل.

جدول الصيانة لمعدات التكييف والفلاتر :تراكب الغبار علي فلاتر التنقية يمكن أن يسبب تهيجا  للحساسية . وبالتالي ،جدول الصيانة المناسب والمنتظم يمنع هذ اأن يحدث.

استخدام المواد ذات  الانبعاثات المنخفضة: استخدام المواد التي تحتوي على  مركبات  عضوية  متطايرة بنسب منخفضة مثل السجاد ،مطاط الأرضيات ،مواد الأرضيات والسيراميك والبلاط  و اي مواد مالئة للفراغات الارضية أو مانعات التسرب والمواد اللاصقة الأخرى.  أيضا مواد البناء الداخلية والتي  تحتوي علي مادة الفورمالديهايد  بنسبة منخفضة ,يمكن أن تكون مفيدة  لجودة البيئة الداخلية.

طرد الملوثات من المبني: طرد الملوثات في الأماكن المغلقة اسلوب جيد في المباني قبل الإشغال و يساعد علي استبدال الهواء الداخلي الملوث مع الهواء الخارجي النقي.

برنامج التنظيف الاخضر: اختيار مواد التنظيف والمصنوعة من المواد ذات الانبعاثات المنخفضة وتوظيف برنامج التنظيف الأخضر للحد  من التعرض للانبعاثات.

جهاز مراقبة ثاني أكسيد الكربون: تثبيت اجهزة مراقبة CO2 في نظام التهوية ودمجها لتنظيم إمدادات الهواء النقي وفقا لطلب شاغلي المبنى. وبذلك فانه  بزيادة نسبة ثاني اكسيد الكربون داخل المكان يزيد معدل تدفق الهواء الخارجي .

 

ترجمه:

هبة احمد مسلم- دكتور الهندسة البيئية. باحث في الشئون البيئية. معهد الدراسات والبحوث البيئيةجامعه عين شمس.

مدرس التحكم في البيئة والطاقه داخل المباني.

للتواصل عبر hebamosalam2000@gmail.com

Kia and The Waste Lab Partner to Raise Awareness on the Reality of Food Waste

Kia Corporation partnered with Dubai-based start-up, The Waste Lab, and launched a three-stage GCC based campaign whilst transforming food waste into healthy compost. The partnership, commenced at the start of Ramadan, nudging consumers to rethink their practices and mindset around food wastage.

food waste management

The Waste Lab is a women-led, impact-driven startup based in the UAE, with a mission to reduce and repurpose food waste. Kia has always been an advocate of sustainable mobility solutions. In line with their vision of creating a positive impact on the environment, Kia is facilitating The Waste Lab as part of the collaboration with the Kia Niro Hybrid in the UAE, the Kia K5 Hybrid in Oman, and the Kia K8 Hybrid in Saudi Arabia, as a means of transportation of the food waste into nutrient-rich compost.

What is composting?

Composting is the natural process of recycling organic matter, under controlled conditions, into a soil amendment. Everything in nature eventually decomposes and goes back into the soil. Composting brings together different players to do this work and speeds up the process. The end product is “compost” – the decomposed organic matter’s rich nutrients that can fertilize and enrich the soil for gardening, landscaping, and agriculture.

What is the process?

Generally, three main stages are involved in composting: first, compost goes through the mesophilic stage, where decomposition speeds up and produces heat. Next is the thermophilic phase, featuring high temperatures and the further breakdown of organic matter. Last is the curing stage, where compost cools and matures. Each of the three composting stages comes with a different team of composting microbes, creatures, unique characteristics, and a specific purpose.

Prior to the composting process, it is important to guide people and target entities on proper waste separation, including organic and non-organic materials, and to make sure only suitable materials are sent for composting. By separating organic waste at source, it can be composted to produce a valuable output that enriches the soil, while non-organic waste can be recycled. The Waste Lab then uses a data tracking a routing system to facilitate the collection process. As a sustainable mobility solutions provider, Kia has been supporting The Waste Lab’s operation, by providing them with hybrid vehicles and aiding in raising awareness around the global-wide issue of food waste.

Compost_Schematic

The second step of composting involves the actual composting process, where the organic waste is transformed into nutrient-rich soil. By maintaining proper carbon to nitrogen ratios, aeration, hydration, and optimal temperatures, compost is created as a soil amendment that can improve the health of the soil and the quality of the produce. This step is one the most significant steps as it ensures, the quality of the compost and its benefits ahead.

The third stage is to ensure the efficient utilization of the compost made. It involves using the finished compost to grow healthy nutrient-rich food. Compost is a great soil supplement that can improve soil health but also reduces the waste generated while growing super-local foods.

composting-food-waste

There are multiple benefits of composting to the overall ecosystem. It reduces the waste in landfills (organic waste accounts for 40% to 60% of landfills) as well as the use of chemical applications. The process also aids in building healthy soil by storing atmospheric C02 and plant nutrients which enhances plant growth and the overall environment around. The composting initiative by The Waste Lab also creates local resources, encouraging food security and a culture that grows home-based plants.

Yaser Shabsogh, Chief Operating Officer, Regional HQ, Middle East & Africa, Kia, commented, “We are excited about our partnership with The Waste Lab and engaging with the community in our collective effort to promote sustainable solutions. Our aim is to generate support from local communities for sustainable initiatives in the region. We aim to shift people’s mindset around food waste and responsible consumption. At Kia, we hold a deep-seated commitment to reducing the carbon footprint and are always trying to pursue innovative means to pursue sustainable solutions. We understand that this commitment has the power to transform our world and bring the cycle of life full circle.”

Lara Hussein and Ceylan Uren, The Waste Lab co-founders also commented: “As we prepare for Ramadan, we often see a surge in excessive buying and discarding of food. However, this time can be used to promote more mindful consumption and sustainability. By emphasizing the advantages of sourcing locally and minimizing food waste, we can raise awareness and promote responsible consumption. Additionally, diverting these precious resources from landfills can have a positive impact on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and supporting soil health, we believe that this initiative with Kia can be transformative and have a positive impact on our world, and we are excited to bring the community onboard to galvanize support. We are grateful to Kia for lending their support and collaborating on this impactful project.”

The Guide of an Eco-Friendly Pet Owner – Top Tips to Follow

This planet is all we have and, unless we start properly looking after it, we can lose everything from ecosystems to all resources, including our most precious – freshwater. However, selective recycling isn’t the only way to reduce pollution and help the planet.

Owning a pet is a great responsibility but also a challenge since most of their accessories and food are made of plastic or packed in it. As one of the most vocal advocates of sustainability in the Middle East, EcoMENA pleads for a more responsible life and wishes to share some easy tips on how to look after the planet while still raising a healthy and happy pet.

Adopt, don’t shop

Although you’ll rarely see stray dogs and cats wandering on the streets of Middle Eastern countries, there is no doubt that many animals are still abandoned by their owners in shelters, because they can no longer provide for them.

animals-islam-arabic

If you want to make Earth a better place, start by adopting a pet that needs love and affection instead of spending small fortunes on pure-breed cats and dogs. Remember that whenever you’re adopting from a shelter, you save a life and you gain a new friend or a family member.

Adopting is an economic-friendly solution for all animal lovers, and we assure you there are plenty of adorable kittens and puppies waiting for their forever home.

Opt for sustainable pet food

We know that you want your best for your pet, and this includes paying extra for organic food but why settle for small packages that only add to the global plastic waste? Choose food brands that are committed to making a positive change, and this includes selling their products in environmentally-friendly and biodegradable packages. Check out Nutra Thrive Cat reviews to find the best nutrition for your pet.

If that’s not possible, another way to reduce waste would be to buy larger quantities. Store the extra food in glass recipients or paper bags, in cool and dry places. This will help preserve the flavor and the taste of the food as months pass by. The same goes for resealable bags that won’t alter the food’s properties.

Also Read: How to Read Pet Food Labels

Bake your own treats

Why spend hundreds of dollars on pet treats and contribute to more waste when you can bake or make your own? Various online tutorials will teach you how to make delicious snacks, step-by-step.

What’s even better is that you can bake tasty recipes with ingredients that you already have at home and use for your regular meals. As long as the ingredients are organic and designed for dog or cat consumption, you can create a wide array of treats for any occasion.

If spending extra time in the kitchen isn’t your thing, you can always adapt your dinner recipes to the needs of your pet. Steaks are a delicious meal for all your family members and, as long as you don’t use any seasoning or sauces for your dog’s piece, you will have its snack ready in a minute.

Cats love tuna and any other type of fish, so make sure to grill one for them. The same goes for poultry, turkey, and any other type of meat. Grilled, baked or steamed meat represents a healthy choice for all your family members, including your pawed friends.

Eco-friendly accessories and grooming products

If you want to reduce plastic waste, you should also consider opting for green and eco-friendly grooming products packaged in biodegradable bottles. As for leashes, collars, kennels, and even outfits, why not opt for second-hand products?

Many animal lovers tend to buy all the accessories and products they can find for their pets but don’t end up using more than 20-30% of them. Luckily, there are plenty of online forums and even physical stores where you can shop for unused products at discount prices. Reusing and recycling are two of the main principles for a cleaner world, so why not adopt this lifestyle?

Apart from finding unique accessories and cool new outfits for your pooch, you will also save money and prevent waste

Invest in pet-proof products

Cats, dogs, and ferrets are all wonderful creatures but they can end up tearing your house apart and breaking your most valuable belongings. If you’re serious about adopting a new pet, you must know how to “animal-proof” your house to prevent buying new shoes, clothes, electronics, and accessories every other month.

Keep all your shoes and clothes in the closet, on high shelves where your pet cannot reach them and replace some of your tableware with plates, glasses, and cups made of metal or other strong materials. You should do the same with your trash bin if you don’t want your animals to move it from one place to another and spill all its content on the floor.

نصائح لتقليل النفايات الغذائية

food-waste-arabتبذير الطعام له آثار بيئية واقتصادية وكذلك الاجتماعية.  ارتفاع نصيب الفرد من الدخل والإنفاق، ومستويات المعيشة، القدرة على تحمل التكاليف و اللامبالاة تجاه الطعام كلها عوامل لها تأثير سلبي كبير على مواردنا المحدودة. في مراكز التسوق والمطاعم على سبيل المثال ، من الشائع أن نرى كميات متراكمة من الطعام غير المستهلك كليا أو جزئيا. للأسف، الرفاهية تؤدي إلى تفشي  توليد النفايات الغذائية في جميع أنحاء الشرق الأوسط، وخاصة دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي.

خطورة الوضع يمكن قياسها من كون أن أكثر من 300 طن من النفايات الغذائية يتم توليدها يوميا  في البحرين وهذا يشكل حوالي 11٪ من إجمالي  نفايات البلدية . كل هذه النفايات يتم تفريغها   في حاويات و جمعها من قبل عمال البلدية ونقلها إلى مكب عسكر الواقع على بعد نحو 25 كيلومترا من المدينة.

الناس في الشرق الأوسط يجب أن  تعي  أننا نستورد معظم  المواد الغذائية ,ورميها بلا مبالاة في القمامة غير مقبول بتاتا. تشير التقديرات إلى أن حوالي ربع المواد الغذائية التي يتم شراؤها تتعفن وتجد طريقها إلى سلة المهملات حتى قبل استخدامها أو تناولها.

الناس يميلون إلى شراء أكثر مما يحتاجون أو ما يمكنهم استهلاكه وغالبا ما تترك الوجبات نصف مأكولة، و هذا سلوك غير لائق. ترك الطعام هو عادة سيئة تؤدي إلى المزيد من الهدر حيث أن المواد الغذائية  لا يتم الاستفادة منها بشكل كامل وفعال وينتهي بها المطاف في صناديق القمامة. وبالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإن أكثر  مشاهد هدر الطعام نراها في المأدبات و الولائم (البوفيه)، حيث الخيارات من أطباق كثيرة و الكميات غير محدودة. رد فعلنا أو موقفنا من طعامنا يجب أن  يكون “اخذ فقط ما يمكنك أن تأكل.

ارتفعت تكلفة الأطعمة النيئة و المطبوخة بشكل حاد في السنوات الأخيرة، الامر الذي يشكل عبئا إضافيا على ميزانيات البيوت و أرباب الأسر الذين يرزحون تحت تكاليف أخرى مرتفعة من معيشة وسكن ودواء ونقل الخ.  تجنب تبذير الأطعمة هو مهمتنا  الاولى لنساعد على التقليل من كمية النفايات القابلة للتحلل عضويا الذاهبة إلى صناديق القمامة ومن ثم إلى مكب النفايات. وبالإضافة إلى ذلك،  إذا  قمنا بجمع فضلات الطعام، فإننا سنزيل  جزأ كبيرا من نسبة الفضلات القابلة للتحلل من سلة المهملات. ونحن نعلم أيضا أنه عندما يتم إرسال المواد الغذائية إلى المكب فإنها تنتج المزيد من الغازات المسببة للاحتباس الحراري إثر تحللها.

الوضع الراهن يستدعي تطوير عادات غذائية أفضل و تبني مبدئ “خذ فقط ما يمكن أن تأكل” احتراما للطبيعة . “الحل الاجتماعي والثقافي” يكمن في طريقة ذكية للتعامل مع الطعام تجنبا النفايات. دعونا نتبع النصائح التالية للتقليل من النفايات الغذائية في الشرق الأوسط: اقتني  ما تريده على وجه التحديد وبكميات معقولة.

·   شراء المواد الغذائية وخاصة الفواكه والخضروات بكميات صغيرة حسب الحاجة.

·   الحرص على الاستخدام الأمثل للمواد الغذائية وتناول الطعام اللازم وحتى بقايا الوجبات

·   لا تشعر بالخجل من أخذ/تعبئة بقايا الوجبات في الحفلات فإنه لا يؤثر على ثقتك بنفسك وسمعتك.

·   قم يوميا  بجرد المواد الغذائية الخاصة بك في الثلاجة وفي سلة الفاكهة بحثا عن العناصر التي قد تتعفن أو تنتهي صلاحيتها . استفد منها أو تبرع بها قبل أن تصبح نفايات.

ترجمه للعربية يوسف بنغزواني 

New and Larger Wave of Locusts Threaten East Africa and Beyond

Before the current pandemic that the world is battling, East Africa and neighbouring regions of the globe experienced the biggest locust infestation in the past 70 years. That event was devastating. Then the Covid-19 pandemic started to move across the globe. And just as a viral plague can resurface if adequate measures are not taken and sustained for a long enough period of time to interrupt the spread of the virus, the locusts have returned. The locust plague has reappeared in East Africa and is said to be 20 times the strength of the earlier infestations.

The Fight for Food

Billions of young, hungry locusts are swarming across the continent from their breeding grounds in Somalia. As the summer season is fast approaching, fresh, young vegetation is starting to flourish with the help of the seasonal rains.

Rural people are in a double whammy situation, needing to protect their crops by whatever means are available while the spread of coronavirus is over-shadowing them as well. The fight for food will win out over the fight for prevention of the virus. Its another catch-22 where humanity suffers from infection or dies of starvation. These are impossible situations in which to have to make choices. The most destructive impact obviously wins out.

The nations affected include Kenya, Ethiopia, South Sudan. The swarms have also been sighted in Djibouti, Eritrea, Tanzania and the Congo.

Village farmers have very limited means of defeating the locusts and driving the swarms off their lands onto neighbouring lands. The farmers even resort to bang metal pots and pans, throwing stones, and whistling and shouting. Others merely watch and stare. Their main crop is a starch-food, cassava that helps ward off the village people from starvation.

The Role of Climate Change

The UN Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) attributes the locust infestations partly due to the change in the regional climate. In other words, climate change. New swarms keep appearing because of the ideal breeding conditions. These favourable conditions could last through May, meaning that more swarms of the locusts could appear during the harvest months, June and July.

To counterattack the locust swarms, the UN is appealing for financial aid to be freed up and made available for combat measures. The young or juvenile locusts are far more voracious that the mature adult locusts. The scientists, satellite information analysts to be precise, at the Nairobi-based Climate Prediction and Application Centre are analyzing satellite imagery.

The Difficult Fight Against Locust Swarms

The ability to fight the swarms with the spraying of pesticide is severely restricted by the Covid-19 regulations that have significant restrictions on travel and delivery of the much needed pesticides. The dilemma is which infestation takes precedence. Field verification of the severity of the locust swarms is also hampered majorly. Overall, the world is stretched to its limits dealing with the global pandemic that other regional plagues are not receiving the attention that they also need in terms of combating the devastating situation.

The extent of these swarms is vast, that aerial top-spraying is the best option but there are border control issues as well as the challenges of securing aerial flight crews and delivery of pesticides via road or air. There is major concern, that the importation of pesticides from suppliers around the globe is also hampered by the interruptions in international cargo shipments during this pandemic.

Bottom Line

The food security in East African nations are seriously threatened by crop devastation, loss of pasture cover used as fodder for livestock and forest cover could also be denuded. The final note of gloom is that these swarms are appearing in regions previously not subjected to locusts.

The solutions are not obvious while the situation is dire for all concerned individuals. Researchers prefer to write on situations and propose solutions or at least recommendations. In this case, nature is proving stronger humankind in its ability, not to control, but even to work with nature.

How Businesses Can Reduce Paper Use: 8 Effective Ways

As a business owner, ensure environmental friendliness in all aspects of your business dealings. And one aspect of that is the reduction of paper usage. Reducing paper usage is an effective way to promote sustainability and a healthy environment.

Everyone would want to save money and the planet at the same time. With a paperless office yet to be achieved, there are ways you can use less paper in your business.

Here are ways businesses can ensure less paper usage:

ways businesses can reduce paper usage

1. Using Email And Internet Faxing

To reduce paper use, replace traditional paper communication with electronic communication. Instead of using paper to send announcements, memos and newsletters to employees or various stakeholders, it can be replaced by email or any other digital platform. This way, you save on paper and enhance an eco-friendly and cost-effective environment.

Additionally, you can use internet faxing to send and receive important documents. Companies like eFax.com allow you to receive and send fax from Gmail, tablet or phone. The fax can be attached to an email and viewed on any device, reducing the need to print it. This cuts down the need to use paper unless when necessary.

2. Copying And Printing On Both Sides Of Paper

Print on both sides of the paper when printing documents you want to use on your business premises. Doing that helps save half the amount of paper you want to use. And this will reduce the amount of paper used and needed in your office and save money on purchasing printing papers.

3. Encourage The Use Of Dual Monitor

Another way of going encouraging paperless is considering dual monitors, which prevent workers from printing documents. Though it might seem expensive to use a dual monitor rather than printing the papers, it’s worth the expense when it comes to sustainability. The dual monitor setup reduces the need to print documents and makes transferring manual data much more effortless.

4. Share And Store Files Digitally

The digital revolution has transformed most aspects of office operations, and it’s essential to take advantage of it to improve the environment. Digital solutions can be incorporated into most operations, hence the need to equip all workers with tablets. Documents can be shared in digital formats rather than printing hard copies of every document.

automated reminders

Furthermore, you can record, share and store documents digitally. For example, using cloud solutions and digital backups to store your files can free up your office space and eliminate paper files. Employees can be encouraged to limit hard copy notes and instead substitute them with digital notes or emails too.

Sharing and storing files digitally embraces a paperless environment that is sustainable for business operations.

5. Enforcing Printing Policies

Office employees may take print equipment for granted. An employee can decide to print documents just because the printer is available.

And to reduce the use of paper and printing, managers need to enforce policies concerning the printing of documents. There should be rules about printing and when to use hard copies within the company. Printing documents is unnecessary when sharing or saving digitally is an alternative.

6. Consider Reusing Paper

Rather than throwing away papers, consider reusing them. Here are ways you can reuse paper:

  • Creating crafts and art projects: For instance, colored ones can be used for crafts and art projects. When you’re creative, leftover paper products can be helpful.
  • Wrapping fragile materials: Newspapers and magazines can be used in wrapping and packing fragile materials.
  • Wrapping gifts: Colored paper can be used to wrap gifts. You can look for colorful pages which can help wrap gifts.
  • Recycling: Paper can be reused through recycling and making new paper. This involves collecting used paper and breaking them into a pulp; later, used paper can be used to create new ones, thus reducing the demand for paper production.

Reusing paper plays a significant role in reducing waste and, at the same time, encouraging a sustainable environment within the business premises.

recycled paper

7. Considering Paperless Presentations

Most companies use hard-copy handouts for presentations and during meetings. And in most instances, these materials are used for a short period and then thrown or discarded, which leads to a pile-up of paper waste. Instead, it’s vital to have paperless presentations, which therefore utilize digital tools like laptops, projectors or tablets. While in the meeting, the team members can access information digitally and also take notes digitally

8. Encouraging Paperless Payments

To reduce paper usage, you can consider paperless invoices in your businesses. Companies can ensure clients get receipts, statements and invoices through email rather than paper. Besides, businesses can consider electronic payment options, for instance, digital wallets, to reduce the use of paper checks, providing convenience for both clients and FSA for employees. By considering paperless payments, businesses minimize paper usage, hence simplifying financial processes.

Conclusion

Businesses must adopt sustainable processes like reducing paper usage to keep the environment sustainable. It protects environmental resources by embracing digital solutions, reusing papers, enforcing policies, and limiting the use of hard copies in businesses. The implementation of these strategies impacts the environment as well as the general operation of the business.