3 Apps for Students to Maintain Well-Being in College

By Salman Zafar | February 22, 2023 - 10:03 pm |July 21, 2023 Education, Health, Technology

1. Calm

Calm is a popular self-care app with a name that speaks for itself. Along with the soothing visuals the application provides, it brings a lot of real-life benefits. It targets reducing anxiety and enhancing the quality of sleep, which is crucial for a student who has a bad habit of staying up late.

It teaches effective stress-managing with practical solutions, such as guided meditations, for example. In fact, it gives access to a whole library of meditation sessions that focus on various themes, from falling asleep to anxiety attacks. Among the other things this app offers are sleep sounds and music, exercises, breathing techniques, and even bedtime stories.

When you log in to the app, it will ask you to pick a specific personal goal:

Improve productivity/performance;
Get more happiness;
Fight anxiety;
Practice gratitude;
Uplift self-esteem;
Enhance sleep quality;
Reduce stress.

Thus, you can work on the highest-priority issue and track your progress.

2. Flora

It’s hard to focus sometimes, which causes guilt and anxiety when you try to cram everything in one night. Flora has a solution for that.

It’s an application developed for building a positive relationship with a healthy focus and deadlines. It encourages making real progress by setting timers to stay off the phone and noting clear to-do lists. The green design and nature theme make the atmosphere chill and aesthetically appealing, which gives no chance but to work along with it.

Moreover, it’s not just a focus app. The concept revolves around a game. You have to spend time studying smartly and growing trees while discovering new plants every day. You can use this app with your friends and even help the environment – how cool is that?

3. Evernote

Many people call Evernote the best note-taking app, and it definitely has a lot of users. The reason for that is the simple interface that allows you to efficiently save, edit, upload, and organize all of your files and create notes on your device.

It’s super convenient because you can sync information on your phone and laptop, as well as integrate third-party applications in it.

You can leverage Evernote to keep track of the best paper writing services and note all the homework specifications so they don’t get scattered among different places. It’s even possible to pin a certain note to not forget about any of the tasks in progress.

Conclusion

There are times when students simply survive college instead of enjoying it to the fullest. With so much going on, in addition to distractions and mental health issues, it can get quite tough to keep up with the tasks.

Using the applications developed to make a student’s life easier and more enjoyable is one of the best modern solutions accessible to everyone. You could greatly improve your mental health, productivity, and overall well-being if you try out these three apps. So, don’t hesitate to change your life for the better; act on it now!

How to Surpass Microsoft MS-300 Using Exam Dumps

By Salman Zafar | February 22, 2023 - 1:54 pm |February 22, 2023 Careers

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It’s still in a dojo. And students still receive the classic progression from white to black belts. BUT, it’s something completely different. When kids enter this space, they are taught robotics not roundhouse. There Microsoft MS-300 Practice Test exists an entire martial-arts-style course where children learn programming skills. Its name: ‘Code Ninjas’. With their t-shirt & jeans-wearing sense is and culture of “gameplay is the best way to learn”, this organization aims to bring out the next generation of creative coders by letting kids design their own video games from their imagination. The environment itself is inductive of bright ideas: letting children be themselves, excitedly discuss their findings, share their codes, and overcome hurdles together; exactly the things developers do all the time. Since its launch in 2016, Code Ninjas have taught programming to more than 15,000 children, with a more advanced coding curriculum for teens just on the horizon.

Programmer & founder David Graham thanks Microsoft for helping him piece his unique idea together and bring it to life. Code Ninjas & their entire curriculum are built on Microsoft tools: the little ninjas program using C# and use Windows 10 devices, the team’s game-building engine is hosted on Certbolt Microsoft Azure, and every franchise of Graham’s business uses Office 365 facilities including Microsoft MS-300 Practice Test & Microsoft Teams. Graham acknowledges how much time and funds these readily available tools saved their start-up, allowing Code Ninjas to concentrate on their mission: helping U.S. kids catch up to the rest of the world in STEM subjects.

Need a Badge? Get One!

Microsoft is also the company that offers skilled IT workers around the world a chance to get a formal certification for their talent by taking necessary exams, which inevitably leads to more career opportunities and a higher salary. So, say you already are in the job role of a ‘Teamwork Administrator’ meaning you are familiar working with Microsoft Office 365 & handling Azure workloads in a way that promotes effective collaboration between parties. Work as a Teamwork Administrator also means you are competent in using, securing, and integrating a range of apps & services including line-of-business applications & also those used by ‘Code Ninjas’ such as Teams, SharePoint, and OneNote.

Now, the combination of tests you would need to take to achieve your formal IT credential as a Microsoft 365 Certified: Teamwork Administrator Associate is MS-300: Deploying Microsoft 365 Teamwork and Microsoft MS-300 Practice Test : Deploying SharePoint Server Hybrid. The rest of this article looks more closely at MS-300 assessment.

Exam MS-300 Details

MS-300 assesses your abilities on four main topics: SharePoint Online, Teams, Workload Integrations, and OneDrive for business. So expect to be tested on-site collections, hub sites, search facility optimization, and setting up guest access when working with SharePoint. While encountering the ‘Teams’ section, you need to form Teams using its Admin Center as well as troubleshoot issues that may arise in the platform. ‘Workload Integrations’ part of the syllabus that will help you integrate line-of-business solutions according to the business’s data needs and explore the potential of Microsoft tools like Yammer & Stream.

Finally, when working with OneDrive for Business you will be taught how to sync securely, view files shared with those not part of the organization, and block synchronization of certain types of files. MS-300 is by no means an easy feat. As such, aside from a basic understanding of apps & services like Office, Power Apps, Flow, Yammer, Microsoft Graph, Stream, Planner, and Project, Microsoft recommends that to be a suitable candidate for this test you need to have a firm understanding of Networking, PowerShell, SQL Servers, Azure Active Directory, DNS, different operating systems, and administering Windows servers. When it comes to the details of this exam, for 150 minutes you’ll be exposed to a minimum of 40 tasks and an entry test fee equals USD 165.

The Lifeline

If you’re wishing there was something to guide you through this ordeal, well there is. Filled with informative pictures, tables, and charts is ‘Deploying Microsoft 365 Teamwork: Exam MS-300 Guide’, a book by Aaron Guilmette. Aaron is a technical specialist over at Microsoft, who not only works closely with the Microsoft 365 platform, including ‘Teams’ but was also involved in designing technical certification exams at Microsoft.

Owing to this advantage, the book is able to provide learners with insider perspectives, tips & tricks, strategies to approach the different topics, and invaluable expert advice from Aaron. To add more, the book also includes practice questions for MS-300.

Exam Dumps Mean a Better Shot

There’s one more thing aspiring candidates for the Microsoft MS-300 assessment need, and this is a ‘can’t miss’ resource. You need to incorporate PreAway.com in your preparation schedule. Why? Well, while Aaron’s book does contain practice questions, PreAway.com provides learners with a plethora of fully fleshed exam dumps containing real questions from past sessions of the MS-300 test. What is more, these are not a ‘one and done’ so to speak, but rather updated regularly. Also, with Exam-labs.com’s MS-300 Premium Bundle you get a hold of expert-verified answers to 135 questions from MS-300, a 53-lecture training course, and a neat study guide; all for the take-home price of $59.99.

Moreover, Aaron’s practice tests don’t really simulate the exam environment of MS-300, whereas when you open Exam-labs’s exam dumps using the ETE Exam Simulator by the Vumingo team, it will replicate the exact testing atmosphere of MS-300 assessment including the allocated time frames & types of questions, helping you build your competency in this test.

Certs Score Big Time

Getting Microsoft certified only entails benefits. According to Microsoft, technical specialists that attained their badges see an INSTANT spurt in their salary while also being entrusted with more responsibility by supervising peers. So what are you waiting for? Use Exam-labs.com’s effective & reliable exam dumps to demolish the Microsoft MS-300 test alongside MS-301 and clutch onto your Microsoft 365 Certified: Teamwork Administrator Associate badge. Then, enjoy thriving in this fast-paced realm known as the IT industry.

Renewable Energy in Palestine

By Mohammad Ziad Yamin | February 21, 2023 - 12:46 pm |February 22, 2023 Middle East, Renewable Energy

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High population growth, increasing living standards and rapid industrial growth has led to tremendous energy demand in the Palestinian Territories in recent years. The energy situation in Palestine is highly different compared to other countries in the Middle East due to non-availability of natural resource, financial crunch and unstable political condition.

Palestine is heavily dependent on Israel for meeting its energy requirements. Almost all petroleum products are imported through Israeli companies. Israel controls energy imports into Palestine and thus prevents open trade in electricity and petroleum products between Palestine and other countries.

Current Scenario

Energy is increasingly becoming unaffordable for people living in Palestinian areas due to rampant poverty and widespread unemployment. Ironically, fuel and energy costs for Palestinians are one of the highest in the region. The Palestinian power sector is entirely dependent on imported power supply, 88% from the Israel and 3% from Jordan and Egypt.

Egypt supplies merely 17MW of electrical power to the Gaza Strip while 20MW is supplied to Jericho by Jordan’s state-utility firm. Exploitation of renewable energy resources is required at a mass-level so as to ensure a cheap and sustainable source of energy to the Palestinians. The major renewable energy resources in Palestine are solar, geothermal and biomass. The Palestinian Energy Authority is currently in the process of launching the bid for solar and wind energy resource mapping and geospatial analysis. At the end of 2012, renewable energy contributed merely 1.4% in the energy mix, though Palestine is targetting 10% clean energy installed capacity by the year 2020.

There is high potential for solar energy in the Palestine, with a daily average solar radiation of 5.4 kWh/m² which should encourage its use for mass applications like cooking, industrial and domestic heating, water pumping, rural electrification, desalination etc. Although geothermal energy potential in Palestine has not been quantified yet, there has great deal of interest in geothermal energy due to the path-breaking efforts of Ramallah-based MENA Geothermal. Being an agricultural society, Palestine has appreciable amount of animal manure, crop wastes and solid wastes which can be utilized for generation of biomass energy.

Solar Energy

Solar energy can be a major contributor to the future Palestinian energy supply, with its high potential in the area. Palestine receives about 3,000 hours of sunshine per year and has an average solar radiation of 5.4 kWh/m. Domestic solar water heating (SWH) is widely used in Palestine where almost 70% of houses and apartments have such systems. Infact, Palestine is one of the leading countries in the field of SWH for domestic purpose. SWH is made locally in the West Bank and Gaza Strip with a production rate of about 24,000 units per year which is considered to be sufficient for the Palestinian market. Solar thermal and photovoltaic systems are yet to take off in Palestinian areas due to high costs associated with such systems.

Geothermal Energy

The heating and cooling requirements of Palestinians can be met by judicious exploitation of geothermal energy, as shown as Ramallah-based MENA Geothermal. The company, founded by Palestinian entrepreneur Khaled Al Sabawi has put Palestine of global geothermal map by devising a simple but ingenious geothermal heating and cooling system. The company, founded in 2008, has made swift progress and has been instrumental in developing a wide range of commercial and residential projects in Palestine and Jordan. In summer, the temperature below the earth’s surface is lower than atmospheric temperatures, and in winter it is higher. MENA Geothermal capitalizes on this by burying pipes below ground. Water pumped through these pipes then capture the temperature to feed the building’s heating and cooling system.

A geothermal system utilizes the energy from the sun, which is stored in the earth, to heat and cool homes and buildings. Typically, electric power is used only to operate the unit’s fan, compressor and pump. The geothermal system essentially uses the stable temperature of the ground at a specific depth for heating in winter and cooling in summer, providing clean energy and reducing energy costs.

Biomass Energy

Biomass energy is predominantly used for heating purposes and constitutes approximately 15% of Palestinian energy supply. Being an agrarian economy, Palestine has a strong potential for biomass energy. There is good potential for biogas generation from animal manure, poultry litter and crop wastes. In addition, organic fraction of municipal solid wastes is also represents a good biomass resource in Palestine. The Gaza Strip alone produces more than 1300 tons of solid wastes.

Conclusion

Palestine can reduce reliance on imported energy carriers by deployment of clean energy systems, especially solar, geothermal and biomass. Palestinian areas has large alternative energy potential which can be harnessed by a futuristic energy policy, large-scale investments and strategic assistance from neighbouring countries like Jordan and Egypt. Renewable energy can lay a strong foundation for an independent Palestinian state, generate employment opportunities, alleviate poverty and provide a visionary approach to the dreams of Palestinian youths.

Desert Locusts Are Swarming With Greater Ferocity

By Claire Cosgrove | February 21, 2023 - 12:43 pm |February 21, 2023 Africa, Agriculture, Climate Change, Pest Control

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The latest outbreak of locusts over eastern Africa has been ongoing since the beginning of this year. It is considered by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the UN as the worst outbreak of locusts in 70 years. The threat of the desert locust is extreme urgent as it’s a major threat to the food security in the region. Bearing in mind, that this region is extremely vulnerable to the predominant subsistence lifestyle.

It also appears that new breeding may have occurred in Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia which will intensify the infestation. The question that are foremost in minds of ecological scientists and agriculturalists is what is the relationship between climate change and the locust infestation? Is there a correlation and is it manageable?

Locust numbers diminish by two main process: through migration or through the natural occurrence of mortality. The desert locust is typically found in the semi-arid and arid deserts of Africa, and in the Near-East and South-West Asia. These are regions that usually receive less than 200 mm of annual precipitation.

But over the past two decades, temperatures have been rising significant above the long-term average temperatures. These hotter conditions appear to be giving rise to more aggressive. More destructive swarms of locusts. This would also imply bigger swarms of locusts which are totally devastating across eastern Africa. Higher temperatures are also associated with above normal rainfall. The numbers show that some of the fastest warming countries on the globe are in Africa. Rainfall in some areas within this region have been 400 per cent above normal rainfall. These two factors, temperature and moisture and favouring increased breeding of the locust. These increased rainfalls are attributed by the intensified Indian Ocean dipole. And this meteorological phenomenon is enhanced by climate change globally.

Therefore, the basic ingredients for a natural disaster tending to biblical proportions maybe very near at hand.

Africa is very vulnerable to the effects of climate change and any aberration from what would be labelled as typical or normal weather patterns. The vulnerability of this large land mass is due to the overall low levels of socio-economic development. People live depend on subsistence farming. When there is limited rains, extreme or prolonged high temperatures, severe weather systems, subsistence farming lifestyles are extremely vulnerable to any changes in climatic factors. They are already highly vulnerable to conditions of poverty, but such a natural occurrence of a swarm of locusts ensures their poverty for the following seasons. They lack the resources to be able to overcome such devastation in the next season.

The desert locust in their vast numbers ravage the crops, devour the wild plant life depriving both humans and animals of basic food supplies. These means that both food crops and animals are wiped out. Their whole livelihood disappears and places them on the starvation timeline. These subsistence farmers do not have the means, resources or the equipment to manage or control such infestations.

The sizes of the swarms are so massive. The preventive treatment process would need to be actioned much earlier in the season and is dependent on expensive organophosphate chemicals, pesticides that are applied on vehicle-mounted sprayers or by aerial spraying. Knapsack and back mounted hand-held sprayers would be just too ineffective.

There is research into biological control or non-chemical control. But with the spatial extent of these swarms plus the number of individual creatures makes control measures a massive challenge. Plus the fact that the locust is mobile and can move quite rapidly from location to location. The current research is more focused on insect growth regulators. This is in preference to widespread spraying of pesticides which may also target beneficial insects that are active in fruit pollination or as companion species that manage and control less invasive plant eating species. Also, aerial or ground sprayed pesticides are also a threat to human health.

People and birds can and do eat locusts but the number of the insects is so immense, that its not manageable by natural enemies. This is not a viable control measure.

The number one threat from a locust invasion is food security. The primary concern and basic need are to be able to provide food to those areas devastated by the insect invasion. Whether forecasting can warn or alert regions that may be subjected to atypical occurrence of the swarms such as the recent locust infestation in the Middle East where the shamal winds carry the locusts across Saudi Arabia into the neighbouring countries such as Bahrain and Qatar.

The big organizations such as FAO are set up to provide early warnings of the locust situation and forecast weather conditions that might enhance the breeding conditions or the movement of such swarms. But this is an alert or warning system regarding imminent danger. There is advanced technology whereby farmers can use solar dyers to harvest their crops earlier and so preserve a significant portion from an early harvest because of the potential onset of a locust attack. But this is cost prohibitive for subsistence farmers and villagers.

The situation is fearful for the local communities who are very aware of the imminent threat of starvation from loss of crops and animal livestock. Their hope is severely targeted. The outcome is dire.

Practical Ways to Repurpose Your Mattress

By Salman Zafar | February 21, 2023 - 11:52 am |February 21, 2023 DIY, Environment, Pollution Abatement

Make a Comfortable Pet Bed

Turning your old memory foam mattress into a comfortable pet bed is a great way to get more use out of your mattress for its intended purpose. After all, your pet deserves to have a comfortable place to lie down and commercial pet beds, especially those made out of memory foam, can be very expensive. Trim your mattress down to an appropriate size for your pet and add a washable cover. Your furry four-legged friend will thank you!

Create a Patio Table

Strip your inner-spring mattress down to its springs, paint them with rust-free spray paint, and add a base made out of wood or metal to create a funky patio table. You can leave the springs exposed to have instant cup holders or you can cover them with a sheet of plexiglass to have a smooth tabletop surface while still being able to see the innersprings. You can even cut the springs down to different sizes and shapes to create even more whimsical outdoor tables.

Create a Vertical Garden

Converting your innerspring mattress springs into a vertical garden makes use of space that would normally not be used. Strip the fabric away from the springs and set the springs up on their side against a wall. Place pots or other types of containers in each spring, fill them with soil, and plant your herbs, flowers, or small vegetables. This is an idea that will work both inside and outside your home, but if you do it inside, make sure you also have a drainage system for water.

Make Stuffing for Pillows

A memory foam mattress is made of the perfect material for pillows and other soft items like stuffed animals, cushions, and unique art projects. Shred the memory foam mattress into small pieces and put them into zippered pillow cases to create pillows or seat cushions. If you know any sports fans who have to sit on those hard bleachers to watch games, a gift of a lightweight padded cushion they can easily bring with them will be much appreciated.

Check marketplaces like Craigslist or Etsy for people or companies who might need your shredded-up memory foam mattress for their craft or work projects. Many people make stuffed animals or other items that need a lightweight stuffing material. You can also donate it to school art programs to give students more material to create with.

Conclusion

Recycling your mattress is usually the first thing that comes to mind when you’re trying to keep your old mattress out of the landfill. But it certainly isn’t the only option. Try one of these mattress repurposing ideas or come up with one of your own for a comfortable pet bed, a unique furniture piece, a space-saving garden, or a versatile craft material.

9 Tools You Need to Thrive on Your Exams

By Salman Zafar | February 21, 2023 - 11:12 am |February 21, 2023 Education, Technology

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According to studies, roughly 16-20% of students experience high levels of exam anxiety. Another 18% have it on a moderate level. But the truth is, whether it’s moderate or high, it still interferes with your ability to do your best during the test.

The good news for all students is that there are many practices that help ease the stress before a test day. Moreover, if you complement these stress-management practices with the right tools, you will be able to nail any exam like a pro. In this guide, we will give you a list of essential exam prep tools (both digital and others) that will help you ensure success!

Digital Exam Prep Tools

1. WritePaper

The first and primary issue with exams is that there never seems to be enough time to prepare for them. When you are in college, you are challenged with dozens of papers, projects, and other academic assignments with tight deadlines. And even with a big test ahead, you won’t be freed from other tasks. Luckily, all it takes is to say, “please, write my paper for me,” and experts from WritePaper will come to your rescue. This tool is a reliable academic help platform that will help you keep up with your current tasks and also get more time to get ready for an exam.

2. HippoCampus

The next app on our list is also meant to make the most out of your study days. It features a broad collection of multimedia resources on levels from middle school to college and for a variety of subject matters. HippoCampus specializes in visual learning materials like animations, videos, simulations, etc. If you are more of a visual learner, it will definitely help you train your memory and retain the studied information better.

3. MarinaraTimer

This app is basically a timer designed for more effective time management. MarinaraTimer utilizes the well-known Pomodoro Technique to help students be more productive during their study sessions. Using this app, you will add more structure to your test prep routine and, thus, will be able to process and retain more information in less time. It will help you organize your sessions into short 25-minute work periods divided by 5-15-minute breaks for rest. Just give it a try, and you’ll see how helpful it can be!

4. MyStudyLife

Many students get worse exam anxiety and attain poorer results due to a single reason – they are not organized enough and tend to procrastinate. If that sounds like you, our next suggestion is something you should try! MyStudyLife is one of the best planners for college students. It helps you keep better track of your assignments, deadlines, test dates, and other important things. With its help, you can make a plan for everything you do, including exam prep, and do it more effectively than ever.

5. Evernote

Finally, the last digital tool every student needs to thrive on tests is EverNote. This famous app makes note-taking a piece of cake. Using it, you will be able to take more effective notes during your classes, organize them based on a subject, and access them whenever you need. As a result, you will have plenty of good notes and study materials to get ready for important exams.

Other Handy Exam Prep Tools

While a professional paper writing service, Evernote, and other digital tools from the list above will definitely help you get ready for and nail any test, there are also other tools that might come in handy.

Namely, here is what we recommend keeping at hand:

6. Study Guides

The study guides provided by your professors are the best for getting ready for an upcoming test. Such guides can help you focus your study efforts and make sure you understand all the key concepts. However, even if your professor didn’t supply you with a guide, you can find one online and use it to your benefit too.

7. Practice Tests

After you take enough time to study the main concepts and facts, it’s never a bad idea to put yourself to the test. Taking practice tests will help you get an idea of what to expect on the actual exam and identify areas where you need to improve. Besides, such a practice will help you reduce anxiety.

8. Highlighters

When studying for an exam, be sure to keep a few highlighters at hand too. Using them, you can highlight the most important information right in your textbooks and notes to make it easier to review and retain.

9. Good Sleep and Nutritious Eating

Although these two points aren’t exactly tools, they are crucial for thriving on any text. Scientists confirm that poor sleep and eating habits have a devastating effect on your mental health, energy levels, stress, and even brain. Thus, when you don’t get enough sleep or don’t fuel your body with nutritious food, there is no way you can do your best academically. So make sure you sleep well and provide your body and brain with healthy food to succeed and keep your energy levels up during exam time.

The Bottom Line

Exams always sound like something terrifying to students. Nevertheless, they aren’t so scary if you have all the right to prepare for them well.

From bags of highlighters to a good night’s sleep – all methods are worth it if they help you concentrate, feel confident, and succeed. So use this article as your checklist to thrive on your exams!

Is Engineered Wood Flooring Good For The Environment?

By EcoMENA | February 10, 2023 - 2:07 am |April 19, 2023 Environment, Home Improvements, Lifestyle

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Having become more aware of their lifestyles and the impacts they have on our ecosystem, people around the world are now becoming more environmentally conscious. They are now striving to lead greener lives that leave minimal carbon footprints. Of the many steps taken and the changes that have been made in a bid to save the environment, one of the lesser talked about topics is the use of engineered wood flooring instead of normal hardwood flooring in homes.

Hardwood vs. Engineered Wood: What’s The Difference?

While hardwood flooring brings a warm and classic feel to homes regardless of the form they take, they are not sustainable. In order to produce them, countless trees are chopped down and forests are made to look barren which consequently fuels the current environmental crisis.

Although similar to hardwood flooring in appearance, Engineered Wood Flooring is made from a range of derivative wood products which are produced by binding or fixing the particles, fibres, strands, veneers or boards of wood together with adhesives or other binding methods to form composite material. While there are different types of engineered wood flooring, here are the most common ones:

Plank Flooring

Mostly used in kitchens and toilets, plank flooring is an imitation of hardwood flooring. You can find this specific type of flooring that comes in strips in a number of styles, each resembling different types of wood, from oak, hickory and more. It is a great option for any home!

Chevron Wood Flooring

Chevron wood flooring gives off a stunning ‘V’ pattern. The ends of the chevron planks are cut at a 45° angle in order for the ‘V’ pattern to be created when installed. Chevron wood flooring makes homes look cosy yet aesthetically pleasing.

Herringbone Wood Flooring

Herringbone wood flooring is the traditional style of laying parquet blocks. The blocks are a lot smaller than the usual flooring planks and the ends are cut at a 90° angle so that the pattern will stagger rather than create a ‘V’ shape as chevron wood flooring does. When installed, herringbone wood flooring creates a distinctive zigzag pattern that is visually stimulating.

Versailles Panels

Versailles panels are a classic! Owing its name to the stunning Chateau de Versailles in France, Versailles panels consist of squares that are connected together in what appears as an interwoven net of wood strips within a wooden frame, leaving a luxurious impression.

Despite the enriched ambience it creates in homes, is engineered wood flooring good for the environment? Compared to hardwood flooring, engineered wood flooring is unquestionably a lot more environmentally friendly.

How Is Engineered Wood Flooring Good For The Environment?

Now let us examine how engineered wood flooring benefits the environment and protect the natural resources.

Healthy forest regeneration

Engineered wood flooring saves certain trees from becoming endangered or extinct. The trees used to make hardwood flooring grow much more slowly than the trees used to make engineered wood flooring.

By making use of smaller trees from well-managed woodlands, engineered wood flooring saves old growth as well as slow-growing trees from becoming endangered or extinct, leaving them all for the future generations to appreciate and enjoy. In fact, demand for engineered wood flooring will encourage forest owners to prioritize healthy forest regeneration.

Its production creates little to no pollutants

The veneer that is used to make engineered wood flooring is sliced rather than cut with a saw. This process produces almost no sawdust, which means that it creates little to no pollutants as by-products and makes use of almost all of the veneer to make the flooring.

It reduces the need for replacement

Although hardwood floors are durable, they are susceptible to damage if they are exposed to too much moisture. If the wooden planks start to wear out, you will need to change them or else they risk further damage.

Engineered wood flooring, on the other hand, can withstand moisture. Not to mention, if a replacement is required, it is easy to remove the planks that are damaged and replace it, which greatly reduces the overall amount of wood you use. Engineered wood flooring is definitely a greener option. If you are in search of the perfect flooring that suits your home and the environment, engineered wood flooring is the best option.

About the Author

This article was written by Martin O’Callaghan of Wood Flooring Ireland who are strive to provide high-quality, environmentally friendly wood flooring to the Irish market.

Sustainable Development and the Arab World

By Salman Zafar | February 6, 2023 - 12:48 pm |February 20, 2023 Environment, Middle East, Sustainable Development

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Sustainable development is a pattern of growth in which resource use aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for generations to come. Arab world is facing major sustainability challenges in achieving social, economic and environmental goals. Extremely arid climate, acute water scarcity, high energy consumption and polluting oil and gas industry present a unique challenge in Arab countries.

There are four major dimensions of sustainable development – social, economic, environmental and institutional.

Social

Availability of energy has a direct impact on poverty, employment opportunities, education, demographic transition, indoor pollution and health, and has gender- and age-related implications. In rich Arab countries countries, energy for lighting, heating and cooking is available in the most convenient manner. On the other hand, more than 40 percent of the Arab population does not have adequate access to energy services. In poor countries, up to six hours a day is required to collect wood and dung for cooking and heating, and this task is usually done by women, who could be otherwise engaged in more productive activities.

Economic

Modern economies depend on a reliable and adequate energy supply, and developing countries need to secure this as a prerequisite for industrialization. Almost one-fifth of the Arab population relies on non-commercial fuels for different energy uses. All sectors of the economy — residential, commercial, transport, service and agriculture — demands modern energy services. These services in turn foster economic and social development at the local level by raising productivity and enabling local income generation. Energy supply affects jobs, productivity and development. Electricity is the dominant form of energy for communications, information technology, manufacturing and services.

Environmental

The production, distribution and use of energy create pressures on the environment in the household, workplace and city, and at the national, regional and global levels. The environmental impacts can depend greatly on how energy is produced and used, the fuel mix, the structure of the energy systems and related energy regulatory actions and pricing structures. Air quality is a major aspect of the quality of life leading to sustainable development in many areas of the world. Gaseous emissions from the exploration and burning of fossil fuels pollute the atmosphere. Compared to other countries, Arab countries experience higher emissions of oxides of nitrogen, sulphur dioxide and volatile organic compounds. Air pollution control strategies are now being taken seriously, on both regional and national levels, and governments have taken important steps for air pollution control.

Institutional

Infrastructure is the backbone of any national energy system. Countries need to monitor the state of their major energy infrastructures to ensure a sustainable energy future. Many countries now depend on major energy infrastructures that are obsolete, inefficient, insufficient or environmentally unacceptable. The Arab energy market is growing at an accelerating rate due to higher consumption rates in the private, commercial and industrial sectors. This results in the need for a successful implementation strategy that can bridge the gap between the current supply and increasing demand. A smart grid network makes for the ideal bridge where the goals of modernization can meet those of a reliable public infrastructure.

Can Atmospheric Water Generators Resolve Egypt’s Water Crisis?

By Noha Farrag | February 6, 2023 - 12:42 pm |January 1, 2025 Africa, Middle East, Water

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Egypt faces an imminent water crisis which could jeopardize the country’s stability and regional dominance. Egypt is currently below the United Nations threshold of water poverty. The current water shortage in Egypt is 13.5 Billion Cubic Meters per year which is expected to continuously increase. According to hydrologists, a country is considered to be facing water scarcity if supplies drop below 1,000 cubic meters per person annually. Egyptian officials state there are currently around 570 cubic meters (150,000 gallons) of water available per person per year. This figure is expected to drop further to 500 cubic meters by 2025.

The UN is already warning that Egypt could run out of the water (Day Zero) by the year 2025. Furthermore, the river Nile is the main source of water with around 85 million Egyptians depending on it. The river Nile is the backbone of Egypt’s industrial and agricultural sector and it is the main source of drinking water for the population covering 95% of the annual freshwater budget. However, as Ethiopia (a Nile upstream country), plans to start filling its Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam by July 2020, this is expected to lower water to threatening levels in Egypt and negatively impact power generation at Egypt’s dam in Aswan which threatens Egypt’s water security.

Water Challenges in Egypt and Conventional Solutions

In addition, some of the major factors that play havoc with water security in the country are water losses due to the failure to rationalize water consumption, uneven water distribution, rising population, misuse of water resources, as well as the consequences of a higher standard of living, growth of industrialization, water pollution, the absence of actual control on factories disposal of hazardous waste materials in water, the increased use of chemicals in agriculture, inefficient irrigation techniques (mud and soil instead of sprinkler and drip irrigation), degradation of watercourses and drainage systems and the deterioration of the current water transmission pipelines, low public awareness of water scarcity and water quality deterioration.

Moreover, climate change effects on Egypt being a downstream river Nile country. Furthermore, challenges in cooperation with upstream Nile basin countries; besides, rising populations and rapid economic development in the upstream countries of the Nile (11 countries). All these factors are decreasing water quantity and quality in Egypt.

Conventional solutions for water resources include agricultural drainage water, desalinated brackish groundwater and/or seawater, and treated municipal wastewater. These resources represent merely 22.2% of the total available water resources and are generally used for agriculture, landscaping, and industry through specialized processes. Desalination is practiced on a small scale at present, mainly along the Red Sea coast.

AWG: A Promising Non-conventional Solution for Water Scarcity

Did you know that wherever air exists, water exists? At sea level, air contains roughly 1% water vapor, and even in the desert, a cubic area the size of a house can contain up to 16 liters of water, according to Harvard scientists.

Atmospheric Water Generator (AWG) is a device that extracts water from humid air. Water vapor within the air are often extracted by condensation which is essentially cooling the air below its temperature, exposing the air to desiccants (substances which absorb humidity), or pressurizing the air. AWGs are useful where pure water is difficult or impossible to get because there’s nearly always a little amount of water within the air which will be extracted. In contrast to a dehumidifier, an AWG is designed to render the water potable utilizing two primary techniques which are cooling and desiccants.

Policy Recommendations for AWG Implementation in Egypt

The potential of private sector involvement in water management in Egypt has been acknowledged by the Egyptian Water Policy (EWP) authorities by enhancing the participation of the public and private sectors with other civil society groups and organizations. The EWP sought institutional reform policy in water management by transferring public responsibilities to the private sector to improve the performance of the irrigation and drainage system. Still, the government has to facilitate the flow of funds directed to private water projects whether it be domestic or foreign investments.

The flow of funds is one of the major obstacles circumventing the involvement of the private sector in water projects in Egypt. This will speed up the process for the private sector to engage effectively in solving the water scarcity problem through innovative solutions such as the AWG devices. In addition, investment in research and development will further propel the Know-How in AWGs galvanizing several companies to adopt this sustainable solution. This will not only lower the device’s cost but will encourage the discovery of methods to overcome the challenges related to its use.

The setup and operation of an AWG device, even with a huge scale, is affordable for businesses and some households. However, for the neediest households, public utilities such as schools and hospitals, and small-scale farmers, the AWG solution can be expensive to set up. In addition, the operation of the device may be costly especially if the AWG device model is not solar- powered so it would require constant electricity to run. Accordingly, it is recommended that the government step in to subsidize the setup and operation of this device for vulnerable communities and customers. The former intervention in pricing is essential so as not to transfer the higher price of water to food which can disrupt economic stability.

In addition, for vulnerable people, who are so poor, that if they would have to pay the full costs they could not buy water, this may disrupt social stability. If subsidizing the setup of the AWG device is not feasible then it is recommended that the government adopts a BOS model. The government can buy the devices, operate them, and then sell them with installments to the civil society. This latter option should also be open for private sector companies, accordingly, the government should grant them licenses to undertake the BOS of AWGs.

Furthermore, the current AWG devices require users to go to the machine, then bring the water back with them. This distribution system makes it difficult for those who are most in need to actually obtain the water generated for their communities which imposes an allocative challenge. It is recommended that given the government’s vision to remain fully responsible for the main infrastructures of the irrigation and drainage system, the government has to create alternative allocation methods to connect the water supply from the devices to end-users. This is another area where public-private sector cooperation can bring about several solutions such as the introduction of either small AWG devices called economic units or big scale devices both of which can serve households, farmers, and manufacturers according to their needs and financial abilities.

Finally, the supply of water in Egypt is about to become more problematic, it will touch the lives of all people. If all stakeholders do not fully understand the gravity of the water scarcity situation in Egypt and fully cooperate this may jeopardize not only their well-being but their mere Being.

Efficient water management policies can definitely mitigate the severity of the water situation in Egypt but the problem can not be fully resolved without policies that engage the entire society in developing innovative water solutions such as the AWGs.

References

Abdelaziz, O. (2019). ‘The Compliance of Zeromass Device to the Needs of Mandera west’,
Saint Mary University, study prepared for Life From Water.org, Canada Branch, Canada.
Abdin, A. E., Afify, A., & Adel, A. (2011). ‘Comparative analysis of Egyptian water policy and water framework directive’, Options Mediterrannées, A, (98).
Ebrahim, N. (2019). ‘Water crisis builds in Egypt as dam talks falter, temperature rise’, Reuters.com, Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-water/water-crisis-builds-in-egypt-as-dam-talks-falter-temperatures-rise-idUSKBN1XG223 (Accessed 11 January 2020).
Dakkak, A. (2017). ‘Water Crisis in Egypt’, Retrieved from https://www.ecomena.org/egypt-water/ (Accessed 23December 2019).
El Bedawy, R. (2014). Water resources management: alarming crisis for Egypt. J. Mgmt. & Sustainability, 4, p.108.
Fanack (2018). Retrieved from https://water.fanack.com/egypt/water-resources/ (Accessed 30 December 2019).
Fathieh, F., Kalmutzki, M. J., Kapustin, E. A., Waller, P. J., Yang, J., & Yaghi, O. M. (2018). Practical water production from desert air. Science advances, 4(6), eaat3198.
Khalil, D. (2019). Cairo’s Hidden Urban Water Scarcity, commentary-post, Alternative Policy Solutions, American University in Cairo.
Mohie El-Din, M. O., & Moussa, A. M. (2016) Water management in Egypt for facing the future challenges. Journal of advanced research, 7(3), pp. 403-412.
Tripathi, A., Tushar, S., Pal, S., Lodh, S., Tiwari, S. & Desai, R.S., (2016). Atmospheric water generator. International Journal of Enhanced Research in Science, 5, pp. 69-72.
TUAFI (2020). Retrieved from https://tuafi.com/why-tuafi/ (Accessed 20 January 2020)
World Economic Forum (2019). Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/11/water-crisis-builds-in-egypt-as-dam-talks-falter-temperatures-rise/ (Accessed 23December 2019).

Co-Authored by Noha Farrag and Mohannad Hesham

About the Authors

Noha Farrag

Noha A. Farrag is Assistant Professor of Economics at University of Prince Edward Island (UPEI), hosted in Universities of Canada in Egypt. She is also certified in Human Resource Development. She formerly coordinated the Internship program between Institute of Law and Economics at Hamburg University and the German University in Cairo.

Mohannad Hesham Abouelrouse

Mohannad Hesham Abouelrouse is the founder of Life From Water Foundation, one of the top 50 international sustainable water solutions companies. Mohannad has extensive experience in strategic planning, business operations, organization and personal development. He is a consultant in several industries and sectors including IT, Digital Marketing, Publishing, Construction, Agriculture, as well as, Nonprofits and Social entrepreneurship.

Earth Hour – Making of a Movement

By Rehan Ahmad | February 6, 2023 - 12:28 pm |February 16, 2023 Climate Change, Energy, Environment

Making of a Movement

Earth Hour started in 2007 in Sydney, Australia and was conceived by World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). On the occasion, 2.2 million individuals and more than 2,000 businesses turned their lights off for one hour to take a stand against climate change. Since then it has grown to engage more than thousands of cities and towns worldwide

In 2008, the Earth Hour became a global sustainability movement with more than 50 million people participating across 35 countries. In March 2009, over 4,000 cities in 88 countries officially switched off their lights to pledge their support for the planet, making ‘Earth Hour 2009’ the world’s largest global climate change initiative.

‘Earth Hour 2010’ was practised in a record 128 countries and territories and more than 6,000 cities joined the global display of climate action with over 1 billion people participating. Iconic buildings and landmarks from Asia Pacific to Europe and Africa to the Americas switched off their lights.

In 2011, more than 5,200 cities and towns in 135 countries worldwide switched off their lights for ‘Earth Hour’ alone, sending a powerful message for action on climate change. It also ushered in a new era with members going ‘Beyond the Hour’ to commit to lasting action for the planet.

In 2018, Earth Hour’s focus is on our connection to Earth and nature. Our planet’s gain is everyone’s gain. Biodiversity – the rich variety of life on Earth – continues to decline year on year. We must urgently prioritise our planet’s biodiversity and nature. #Connect2Earth was created to organise our efforts, allowing us to shed light on topics impacting our planet’s well-being.

Earth Hour 2019 with its campaign #Connect2Earth aims to build mass awareness on why nature is important and create an unstoppable movement for nature similar to when the world came together to tackle climate change.

How do you #Connect2Earth?

Get involved now by starting conversations, sharing your thoughts, and spreading the word about our connection to this place we call home.

Aims and Objectives

Earth Hour is aimed at asking individual, households and businesses to turn off their nonessential lights and other electrical appliances for one hour to raise awareness towards the need to take action on energy conservation and climate change.

The gigantic and overwhelming participation in Earth Hour showed collective display of our commitment to protect our planet. During Earth Hour, people across the world from all walks of life turned off their lights and came together in celebration and contemplation of one thing we all have in common – our planet.

Time for Action

The recent Earth Hour celebrated has gone beyond the hour, so after the lights went back ‘on’ participants were thinking about what else one could do to make a difference. We all now believe that ‘Together our actions add up’.

The awareness created has found enough reasons to join this annual campaign and making energy conservation as a ‘habit’ rather than practising it as an ‘annual event.’ We need to understand that we have a major responsibility of conserving our planet’s resources, since they are fragile, finite and each of us can make a difference if we choose to do so.

As far as Middle East is concerned, energy consumption is rising exponentially due to rapid industrialization and high population growth rate. Infact, the level of primary energy consumption in the Middle East is one of the highest worldwide. However, the efficiency of energy production and consumption patterns in the region requires significant improvement.

So, let us make a change at individual level which, though it sounds small but cumulatively will add to significant levels in energy conservation by:

Turning our computer off when we finish our work and turning the monitor off during our breaks.
Turning off any unnecessary and additional lighting at our place of work and at home.
Using energy-efficient lights (LED, CFL, etc.).
Unplugging the electrical and electronic appliances when not in use.
Judiciously using heating and cooling system.

The message is ‘Let us go beyond an hour and do more what we can to reduce the energy consumption and its impact on the environment.’

Plan and participate in the event for a better tomorrow.

التنوع الحيوي الغابي في الأردن

By Nura A. Abboud | February 6, 2023 - 12:27 pm |February 14, 2023 Environment, Middle East, Nature

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تعاني الغابات في العالم من ضغوطات هائلة, حيث أن تقلص الغطاء الحرجي في العالم آخذ في التسارع بمعدل ينذر بالخطر وبسرعة تتجاوز قدرة الطبيعة على تعويض الخسارة, إن لإزالة الغابات أثرسلبي مباشر وغير مباشر على الأنظمة البيئية مما يهدد الفائدة الإقتصادية والروحية والترفيهية والثقافية التي تقدمها الطبيعة للإنسان, ومن أكثر الآثار المدمرة هي التغير السلبي وغير الرجعي في التنوع البيولوجي بسبب تدمير الموائل الطبيعية لكثير من أصناف الحياه البرية التي تثري النظام البيئي على كوكب الأرض. إن غياب الأشجار سيؤدي إلى تدمير التنوع الجيني مما يؤثر وينتج خسارة دائمة في أنواع نادرة ومختلفة من النباتات والحيوانات والحشرات والمايكروبات.

كما تعتبر إزالة الغابات السبب الرئيسي في تغير المناخ العالمي وكذلك في إنبعاث الغازات المسببة للإحتباس الحراري, أيضاً فأن إزالة الغابات تقلل من جودة التربة مما يسبب تآكل التربة والفيضانات. وعلاوة على ذلك، شهدت المناطق التي أزيلت فيها الغابات زيادة في الجفاف والملوحة في التربة مما أثر على الزراعة سلباً, كما أنها تؤدي إلى حرمان المنطقة من الظلال التي تعمل على تلطيف الجو نهاراً وتحفظ الحرارة والرطوبة ليلاً, هذا الإضطراب يحدث تقلبات أكثر تطرفاً في درجات الحرارة التي يمكن لها أن تكون ضارة للنباتات والحيوانات والتنوع الحيوي بشكل عام, وكل هذه الآثار السلبية والمدمرة لإزالة الأشجار سيؤثر على مستوى معيشة كل مواطن.

الغابات في الأردن

تشهد الأردن تحولات هائلة في كافة المجالات ومنها مجال البيئة، حيث تمثل الصحراء جزءاً كبيراً من مساحتها بينما تمتلك مساحة حرجية محدودة جداً بواقع 0.9٪ فقط من مساحة المملكة, وتمتد من وادي اليرموك شمالاً وحتى مرتفعات الشراه ووادي موسى جنوباً. ومن المؤسف أننا في الأردن فقدنا حوالي ثلث غاباتنا الطبيعية خلال الثلاثين سنة الماضية وبواقع 1.6% سنوياً, ولكي نوقف هذا النزيف ونعيد حالة الإنسجام ما بين الطبيعة والإنسان ينبغي إعادة النظر في المنظومة الغابوية للمملكة.

تعتبر الثروة الحرجية إرثاً وطنياً وثروة من الثروات الوطنية الواجب الإستثمار فيها, فبالإضافة إلى القيمة الروحانية والثقافية والبيئية للغابات، فإنها تخلق فرص إقتصادية عديدة سواء من خلال إيرادات السياحة البيئية أومن خلال المنتجات التي يمكن أن تقدمها الغابة والتي تعتبر أيضاً جزءا من إرثنا الوطني, كما أن القيمة الإقتصادية البيئية المرتبطة بالدور الحيوي للغابة والمتصلة بزيادة نسبة الأكسجين في الجو ومستوى الرطوبة وغيرها لها إنعكاس إقتصادي مباشر, حيث أنها تساهم في تخفيض كلفة التدهور البيئي والتي تصل إلى حوالي 5% من الناتج المحلي الإجمالي للمملكة وبما يعادل 850 مليون دينار سنوياً.

أنواع الغابات في الأردن

تقدر مساحة الغابات الطبيعية والصناعية والغابات ذات الملكية خاصة في الأردن نحو 378000 و 460000 و 60000 دونماً, وحسب المركز الوطني للبحوث الزراعية فإن هنالك هنالك خمسة أنماط للغابات في الأردن كما يلي:

1. غابات العرعر الفينيقي: تتواجد في البتراء ومنطقة رأس النقب وقمم جبال رم , وتظهر الدراسات أن عمر بعض الأشجار يصل إلى حوالي 700 سنة.

2. غابات السنديان (البلوط مستديم الخضرة): تنتشر في جرش وعجلون والشوبك ودابوق وضانا ووادي الصفصاف.

3. غابات الصنوبر الحلبي: توجد في محمية غابات دبين وتجمعات ثانوية في عجلون وماحص والفحيص وسوف وزي.

4. غابات الملول (البلوط العقابي): وهي الشجرة الوطنية للأردن وتنتشر في العديد من مناطق المملكة وتصل كثافتها حتى70 %.

5. غابات السيال : وتتواجد في وادي عربة وهي ذو الأصول الأفريقية والتي تسربت أثناء تشكل حفرة الإنهدام.

مشكلات الغطاء الحرجي في الأردن

إن المشاكل التي تواجه الغابات في الأردن هي مماثلة للتي تواجهها بلدان البحر الأبيض المتوسط الأخرى, حيث يعتبر الرعي والتحطيب الجائرين من ألد أعداء الغابات في الأردن حيث أن هنالك ضعف في الوعي العام بأهمية الغابات ويتجلى هذا الضعف في إعتداءات مناشير المواطنين على أشجار تصل أعمارها إلى مئات السنين، وهذا الإعتداء لم يكتفي بكافة غابات المملكة بل طال الأشجار على جوانب الطرقات! ومما زاد المشكلة سوءاً هو تجاهل تطبيق القوانين التي تحمي الغابات مما ساهم في إنخفاض المساحة الغابوية بشكل كبير في الأردن.

كما تهدد الغابات في الأردن العديد من الأخطار أهمها تعاقب سنوات الجفاف وخاصة مع تأثير التغير المناخي سلباً على الغطاء الحرجي في المملكة, كما تشكل الحرائق مشكلة رئيسية خاصة للغابات الصنوبرية, حيث يقوم أصحاب الملكيات الخاصة الواقعة في داخل حدود الغابات بالتخلص من مخلفات مزارعهم وحرقها في تلك الغابات مما يسبب في كثير من الأحيان الحرائق. إضافة إلى ذلك فإن الغطاء الحرجي يواجه تهديد المشاريع الكبيرة التي لا تراعي المناطق الحرجية ويعتبر إقامة مشروع دبي كابيتال على أراضي غابات دبين قبل أعوام خير مثال على ذلك.

أهم التدابير لحماية الغابات وإعادة تأهيلها

إن تحويل المأساة إلى فرصة يحتاج إلى رؤية ثاقبة، وإيجاد حل شامل لمشاكل المشاكل البيئية في الأردن بما في ذلك إزالة الغابات ليست مهمة سهلة. إن الغطاء الحرجي في الأردن في تناقص مستمر ولذلك يجب التعامل معه بشكل شمولي لتكثيف الجهود الوطنية على كافة الأصعدة من أجل المحافظة عليه وزيادة رقعته وإعطائه أهميته الحقيقية. يجب زيادة وعي الناس فيما يتعلق بحماية البيئة وتقوية إرتباط المجتمعات المحلية بالغابات وإشراكهم في حمايتها, كما يجب تفعيل تطبيق العقوبات على المعتدين على الثروة الحرجية, ومن الجدير بالذكر أن وزارة الزراعة الأردنية ستنفذ مشروع "مراقبة الغابات والمساحات الخضراء" في المملكة إلكترونياً وذلك لوقف الإعتداءات على هذه الغابات.

يجب على الناشطين البيئين الإنضمام إلى الجهود المحلية والدولية في التشجير ومكافحة تغير المناخ من خلال إنشاء نموذج للغابات في المملكة, مع التركيز على المناطق الجنوبية من البلاد مثل وادي عربة وصحراء جنوب الأردن. كما يجب تبني مشاريع بيئية تهدف إلى الإستغلال الأمثل للأراضي الصحرواية عن طريق إقامة حزام أخضر لمكافحة التصحر بوساطة زراعة الأنواع النباتية الأصلية والمناسبة لطبيعة المنطقة, وذلك لإعطاء النظم البيئية المهددة فرصة للإزدهار مرة أخرى,كما يجب على هذه المشاريع إشراك المجتمعات المحلية في إدارة وإدامة الغابات التي يجب أن تكون نموذجاً لإستخدام الغابات في الأردن لحماية التنوع البيولوجي في البيئات الجافة .

ومن الجدير بالذكر أن من أهم الطرق لمحاربة التصحر هي التعلم من الأجداد حيث عاش أجدادنا قبل آلاف السنين في قلب الصحراء ولكنهم عرفوا كيفية التأقلم والمعيشة والإزدهار في الظروف الصحرواية, حيث أنشأ العرب الأنباط مجتمعاً مستديماً وفر لنفسه الغذاء والحطب والعلف للحيوانات الأليفة والأهم :المياه .لذلك يجب تبني الري بحصاد الأمطار وتبني مبدأ مياه السيول النبطي ومرافق حصاد الطاقة الشمسية، كما أنه يجب تنظيم عملية الرعي في المنطقة وإعتماد مبدأ البناء بالطين المستمد من وحي الثقافة العربية لبناء مرافق الغابات.

إعادة التدوير: قيم تبادل المعادن الأكثر طلبًا

By Salman Zafar | February 6, 2023 - 12:18 pm |February 13, 2023 Industry, Waste Management

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في الوقت الذي أصبحت فيه إعادة تدوير النفايات وإعادة استخدامها وإصلاحها هي القاعدة للحد من آثار التعدين وتغير المناخ ، قد يكون من المفيد معرفة أي المعادن يمكن إعادة تدويرها. تم إنشاء اقتصاد دائري جديد حول إعادة التدوير. يمكن لكل من المهنيين والأفراد إعادة بيع نفاياتهم المعدنية إلى مشترين المحول الحفاز أو الشركات المتخصصة الأخرى. ثم يتم تحويلها لمنحهم حياة ثانية-

إدارة النفايات

مبدأ إدارة النفايات: تقليل وإعادة الاستخدام وإعادة التدوير. إنتاج جديد من القديم: هذا أحد أكبرالتحديات التي تواجه البشرية. في السنوات الخمسين الماضية ، أدى تطوير تقنيات جديدة إلى استغلال أكثر كثافة للأرض وقاع البحر لاستخراج المعادن النادرة

نظرًا لوجود عدد أكبر منا على كوكب الأرض ، يجب أن نفكر في الحفاظ على مواردنا وبالتالي إعادة تدوير هذه المعادن والأتربة النادرة. حتى الآن ، هناك العديد من الشركات التي تقدم شراء المعادن لإعادة التدوير أو إعادة البيع

المعادن القابلة لإعادة التدوير وقيمتها التبادلية

أسعار المعادن في فبراير 2020

السعر	المعادن
يورو / كغ 0,526	الصلب
يورو / كغ2,292	الفولاذ
يورو / كغ1,594	الألومنيوم
يورو / كغ47	الذهب
يورو / كغ5,469	النحاس
يورو / كغ1,71	الرصاص
يورو / كغ2,045	الزنك
يورو / كغ0,205	خردة

الصلب

سبيكة من الحديد والكربون ، يتم العثور على هذا المعدن في كل مكان. تم اكتشافه في عام 1865 ، ولعب دورًا رائدًا في الثورة الصناعية وما زال يتم إنتاجه على نطاق واسع حتى اليوم. يتم استبداله حاليًا بحوالي 0.50 يورو للكيلوغرام الواحد

على سبيل المثال ، يتكون غلاف معظم المحولات الحفازة من الصلب ، ولكنه قد يحتوي أيضًا على عدة غرامات من المعادن الثمينة الأخرى مثل الذهب والفضة والرينيوم والبلاديوم والبلاتين. يزن المحول الحفاز أو المحفز (جزء من نظام العادم على السيارات) حوالي عشرة كيلوغرامات. إذا كان عليك التخلص من سيارتك القديمة ، فيمكنك أن تسأل شركة متخصصة عن سعر إعادة شراء المحول الحفاز الخاص بك ، حتى لو كان في حالة سيئة ولا يعمل. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، غالبًا ما تتألف من معادن ثقيلة ضارة جدًا بالبيئة ، لذا كن حذرًا في التخزين

الفولاذ المقاوم للصدأ

هذا المعدن عبارة عن سبيكة من الحديد والكروم قابلة لإعادة التدوير بالكامل. يتم العثور عليه في العديد من المنتجات: أواني المطبخ ، صناعة الطيران ، الصناعة والعديد من الأشياء اليومية الأخرى. لديه ميزة عدم الصدأ ويباع بحوالي 2.3 يورو للكيلوغرام الواحد

الألومنيوم

هذا المعدن معروف بمقاومته، كما أنه بمثابة حافز في الصناعة الكيميائية. في عام 2010 ، تم استخراج 211 مليون طن من البوكسيت في جميع أنحاء العالم. يمكن شراء كيلوغرام من الألومنيوم بسعر 1.6 يورو في المتوسط

الذهب

موجود في اللوحات الأم للكمبيوتر ، وفي هواتفنا وبشكل عام في مجال الالكترونيات ، يتم تداول الذهب الخالص حاليًا بحوالي 47 يورو لكل غرام

النحاس

سيكون من الصعب علينا الاستغناء عنه. يتم العثور عليه في الكابلات الكهربائية وأنابيب السباكة والموصلات الفائقة. في عام 2013 ، تم استخراج أكثر من 18 مليون طن ، ثلثها في تشيلي. يتم تداوله بحوالي 5.5 يورو للكيلوغرام الواحد

الرصاص

الرصاص معدن سام. وهو موجود كمضاف في الدهانات وكان يستخدم في البنزين قبل تغيير القانون. حاليا تبلغ قيمتها 1.71 يورو للكيلوغرام الواحد

الزنك

هذا المعدن موجود في السيارات ، والسقوف ، واقيات الشمس ، وحتى في بعض مكملات الفيتامينات الغذائية. الزنك يستحق ما يزيد قليلا عن 2 يورو للكيلوغرام الواحد

الروديوم

يتداول بحوالي 201 يورو لكل غرام. يتم استخراج هذا المعدن النادر جدًا بشكل أساسي في جنوب إفريقيا وينتمي إلى فئة البلاتينات الخفيفة

1. Calm

2. Flora

3. Evernote

Conclusion

Need a Badge? Get One!

Exam MS-300 Details

The Lifeline

Exam Dumps Mean a Better Shot

Certs Score Big Time

Make a Comfortable Pet Bed

Create a Patio Table

Create a Vertical Garden

Make Stuffing for Pillows

Conclusion

Digital Exam Prep Tools

1. WritePaper

2. HippoCampus

3. MarinaraTimer

4. MyStudyLife

5. Evernote

Other Handy Exam Prep Tools

6. Study Guides

7. Practice Tests

8. Highlighters

9. Good Sleep and Nutritious Eating

The Bottom Line

Hardwood vs. Engineered Wood: What’s The Difference?

Plank Flooring

Chevron Wood Flooring

Herringbone Wood Flooring

Versailles Panels

How Is Engineered Wood Flooring Good For The Environment?

Healthy forest regeneration

Its production creates little to no pollutants

It reduces the need for replacement

Water Challenges in Egypt and Conventional Solutions

AWG: A Promising Non-conventional Solution for Water Scarcity

Policy Recommendations for AWG Implementation in Egypt

References

Co-Authored by Noha Farrag and Mohannad Hesham

About the Authors

Making of a Movement

Aims and Objectives

Time for Action

إدارة النفايات

المعادن القابلة لإعادة التدوير وقيمتها التبادلية

الصلب

الفولاذ المقاوم للصدأ

الألومنيوم

الذهب

النحاس

الرصاص

الزنك

الروديوم

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