What many don’t realize is that the United Arab Emirates, despite its desert reputation, is an incredibly biodiverse place. My journey exploring the indigenous species of the Emirates took me from the rugged mountains of Al Ain to the thriving wildlife sanctuary of Dubai and the lush mangroves of Umm Al Quwain.
This exploration revealed a surprising tapestry of ecosystems, each teeming with life adapted to the unique conditions of the region. From resilient desert plants to migratory birds and marine life in the coastal areas, the UAE’s biodiversity is as rich as it is unexpected.
The following six sites of natural beauty are my favorites, each offering a glimpse into the emirate’s ecological treasures and guaranteed to leave visitors in awe of the UAE’s surprising natural heritage.
1. Ras Al Khor Wildlife Sanctuary
Located at the mouth of Dubai Creek, Ras Al Khor Wildlife Sanctuary is a slice of nature nestled in the heart busting metropolis. It covers a space of 6.2 square kilometers and is a renowned site for birdwatching, especially known for its large population of Flamingos.
The sanctuary is a crucial stopover for migratory birds on the East African-West Asian Flyway, hosting over 450 species of fauna and 47 species of flora. The presence of salt flats, mudflats, mangroves, and lagoons creates a diverse habitat supporting a rich biodiversity.
2. Mushrif Park
Covering 5.25 square kilometers, Mushrif Park is an extensive family-oriented recreational ground in Al Khawaneej (close to Dubai International Airport). It is known for its groves of Ghaf trees, the national tree of the UAE, which number over 40,000 inside the area. The park also includes an international village, containing over 13 types of traditional houses from around the world.
This urban oasis is a haven for birds and various small mammals, making it a biodiversity hub within the city. Commonly spotted birds include Arabian babblers, Yellow-throated Sparrows and Rufous-tailed Robins. Lastly, the park’s zip lining compound and 10+ biking trails add an adventurous touch that helps people build a closer connection with nature.
3. Eastern / Jubail Mangrove Park
Situated within the heart of the nation’s capital, the Eastern Mangrove and Jubail Mangrove Parks offer a serene escape from the bustling city life. Birdwatchers, nature lovers, and aspiring photographers often come to enjoy their time at these two nature reserves.
Without direct access, daily kayaking tours are available to appreciate the nature of the Eastern Mangrove Park. On the other hand, Jubail offers boardwalks that wind through the Mangrove forest it is located on, which makes it one of the best Instagram worthy spots in the entire city.
4. Jebel Hafeet
Jebel Hafeet National Park rises over 1,249 meters above sea level, and is Abu Dhabi’s highest peak and the UAE’s second tallest. The mountain is home to many rare to endangered species, including the Dwarf Palm, one of the rarest plants on the Arabian Peninsula. In fact, as of 2024, The Arabian Caracal was recently sighted in the area for the first time in 35 years.
In addition to the local flora and fauna, the mountain offers 360 degree views of the surrounding city of Al Ain. Lastly, the Jebel Hafeet is also historically significant because over 500 ancient burial tombs dating back 5,00 years were discovered there.
5. Al Ain Oasis
Sprawling over 1,200 hectares and containing more than 147,000 date palms, Al Ain Oasis makes it easy to forget you in the middle of a desert. The oasis offers a cool retreat from the desert heat and is a biodiversity hotspot supporting over 100 different species of vegetation.
The quietness of the oasis amplifies the sounds of nature, especially the birds chirping above. On another note, the location also is a display of the traditional Falaj irrigation system, one of the many reasons why the city of Al Ain is a UNESCO Cultural Site.
6. Mangrove Beach
On the coast of Umm Al Quwain, the Mangrove Beach is a hidden gem that allows visitors to get within walking distance of a sprawling mangrove forest. In addition, tourists during the day can sip a cup of coffee or tuck into a carrot cake at the Mikoko Hut. The restaurant’s wooden interior is inspired by the surrounding nature and offers remarkable views of the sea beyond. Lastly, the more adventurous can kayak around the pristine forest or swim at the nearby beach.
